Classifying Species

Question 1

What is a taxon?

Answer 1

A category used to classify organisms

Question 2

What is a genus?

Answer 2

A taxon level of a group with similar species

Question 3

What are the 7 taxon levels

Answer 3

1.Kingdom
2. Phylum
3. Class
4. Order
5. Family
6. Genus
7. Species

Question 4

What are the three domains?

Answer 4

1. Bacteria
2. Archaea
3. Eukaryotes

Question 5

What are the five kingdoms?

Answer 5

Animal, Protist, Plants, Fungi, and Monera

Question 6

What is binomial nomenclature? Who invented it?

Answer 6

It is a genus name and a species name. So if you have the grey wolf, the genus name is Canis and the species name is lupis. Therefore the scientific name for grey wolves are Canis lupis.

Carl Linneus invented binomial nomenclature.

Question 7

What are Dichotomous Key’s used for?

Answer 7

A way of classifying species based off of their morphology.

Question 8

Adavantages to a dichotomous key.

Answer 8

Easy way to classify species based off of morphological features, as well as their nutritional habits, reproduction methods etc.

Question 9

Disadvantages to a dichotomous key.

Answer 9

Misclassification.

Although species may have similar physical features and characteristics, these keys can be wrong because they aren’t as consise as DNA samples.

Question 10

What are phylogenetic trees?

Answer 10

Represents a hypothesis about evolutionary relationships. The branches represent the splitting of two evolutionary lineages from a common ancestor.

Question 11

Give an example of how phylogenetic trees help scientists.

Answer 11

Scientists use the tree to see a species most recent or most distant from the common ancestor.

Question 12

What is homologies?

Answer 12

It is an observable and genetic similarity from a shared ancestor.

Question 13

What is analogy?

Answer 13

Analogy is when similar environmental pressures and natural selections produce similar adaptations in organisms from different evolutionary lineages.

Question 14

Does homology reflect evolutionary history only?

Answer 14

Yes.

Question 15

What is a clade?

Answer 15

It is a group of organisms that have diverged but recently share a common ancestor.

Question 16

What does parsimony mean?

Answer 16

It’s a way scientists describe as a simple and cheap way of finding the most logical ancestor.

Question 17

What is an outgroup?

Answer 17

It is the species from an evolutionary lineage that is known to diverge from the lineage of the in groups.

Question 18

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Answer 18

Ignore this card

Question 19

What does species diversity mean?

Answer 19

It is a measure of diversity and variety of different species present in an ecosystem.

Question 20

Why is species diversity important?

Answer 20

Having a variety of species allows ecosystems to survive environmental changes like drought, plague, or disease outbreaks.

Question 21

What is ecosystem diversity?

Answer 21

It is a diverse range of habitants, the various organisms that live in the habitats, and the relationships that connect them.

Question 22

Why is ecosystem diversity so important?

Answer 22

All parts of an ecosystem are interconnected, so any change to a single part of the ecosystem will have an effect on the entire ecosystem.

Question 23

What is genetic diversity?

Answer 23

Genetic variety of same species.

Question 24

Why is genetic diversity so important?

Answer 24

Genetic diversity allows populations to adapt to changes such as environmental conditions.