CLASSIFYING MATTER

Question 1

matter:

Answer 1

is anything that has mass and volume (occupies space)

Question 2

What is mass also classified as?

Answer 2

-mass can be classified as a “pure substance” or a “mixture”

Question 3

What are the phases of matter?

Answer 3

• solid
• liquid
• gas

Question 4

solids:

Answer 4

maintain a fixed shape (ex. wood, metal)

Question 5

liquids:

Answer 5

maintain a fixed total volume but take on the shape of the container (ex. water, gasoline, mercury)

Question 6

gases:

Answer 6

expand to fill the container (ex. hydrogen, oxygen)

Question 7

pure substance:

Answer 7

contains only one type of “molecule” (ex. sulfur, water, sugar)

Question 8

elements:

Answer 8

they are pure substances made from only one kind of atom (ex. iron or oxygen)

Question 9

compounds:

Answer 9

they are pure substances whose molecules are made from different kinds of atoms (ex. H20 or C02)

Question 10

mixture:

Answer 10

matter containing 2 or more pure substances (ex. mud, sea salt, smog)

Question 11

heterogeneous mixtures:

Answer 11

is characterized by incomplete mixing (ex. concrete, ice cubes in coke, sugar and sand)
*they are also called “mechanical mixtures”

Question 12

homogeneous mixtures:

Answer 12

a mixture that is completely mixed (ex. a sugar solution, tea or coffee)
*they are also called “solutions”

Question 13

uniform mixing:

Answer 13

the properties of the mixture are the same everywhere; there are no regions of just water or just salt

Question 14

solvent:

Answer 14

the material that does the dissolving (ex. water)

Question 15

solute:

Answer 15

the material that is dissolved by the solvent (ex. sugar)

Question 16

filtration:

Answer 16

smaller particles pass through the filter but the larger particles do not ex. (brewing coffee involves passing hot water through the ground coffee and a filter)

Question 17

distillation:

Answer 17

the mixture is heated until some components start to evaporate while others do not

Question 18

chromatography:

Answer 18

the mixture moves through paper or another substance, with the different components moving at different rates ex. (when a chemical reaction is used to cause each of the different size molecules in a liquid compound to separate into their own parts on a piece of paper)

Question 19

chemical change:

Answer 19

it occurs when a substance reacts to produce a new, different substance
(ex. when paper, wood, or another fuel burns or when metal rusts)

Question 20

physical change:

Answer 20

it occurs when the properties of a substance change but it is still the same substance
(ex. making or separating mixtures and changing phase like ice melting)