Classifying Chemical Reactions Flashcards
What is an anion? What is a cation?
Anion? A negatively charged ion
Cation? A positively charged ion
What is carbon reduction?
A chemical process of separation of metals from their ores using carbon. Pure metals are usually separate form their ores using carbon reduction.
The ore is heated to a very temp. with pure carbon (coke).
What is a combination reaction?
A chemical reaction where two reactants combine to form one product.
X + Y = XY
What is a combustion reaction?
Any chemical reaction where a substance burns in oxygen to produce heat and light.
Organic matter + oxygen = water + carbon dioxide
What is a decomposition reaction?
A chemical reaction where one reactant breaks apart into two or more products.
AB = A + B
What is electrolysis?
A technique for reducing the ions of highly reactive metals by using an electrical current to force electrons onto the ions.
What is electrowinning?
A process of extracting metals from solutions using electrolysis. In the mining industry electrolysis is called electrowinning.
What is froth flotation?
A physical process of separation of metals from their ores. Froth flotation is used to extract gold from sand and minerals.
Crush the rocks into powder, put in a tank (H2O) with detergent. Then air is whipped through and the gold floats to the surface on the bubbles
What is an ion?
An atom that has gained or lost electrons to become electrically charged.
What is an ionic compound?
A substance made up of positive and negative ions.
What is oxidation?
When a substance gains oxygen atoms or loses electrons.
Define polyatomic.
Having many atoms. Ions that have more than one atoms.
Eg. NH4+
Calcium hydroxide: Ca(OH)2
What is precipitate?
The insoluble product of a precipitation reaction.
Eg. Sugar is soluble in water. A fine solid powder that forms when 2 solutions are mixed together.
What is a precipitation reaction?
When two clear solutions react to produce an insoluble solid. The solid is Dias to precipitate out of the solution, most precipitates quickly fall to the bottom of the beaker.
What is a redox?
An abbreviation for oxidation and reduction, as they always occur in pairs.
