Classifications

Question 1

Variety of organisms that live on Earth

Answer 1

Biodiversity

Question 2

Grouping organisms together on the basis of shared characteristics

Answer 2

Classification

Question 3

Classification of organisms according to similarities and differences

Answer 3

Taxonomy

Question 4

The branch of biology that deals with classification and nomenclature

Answer 4

Systematics

Question 5

A method of classification of animals and plants that aims to identify and take account of only those shared characteristics which can be deduced to have originated in the common ancestor of a group of species during evolution, not those arising by convergence.

Answer 5

Cladistics

Question 6

A system of names and terms used in a particular field of study or community

Answer 6

Nomenclature

Question 7

The system of nomenclature in which two terms are used to denote a species of living organism, the first one indicating the genus and the second the specific epithet.

Answer 7

Binomial nomenclature

Question 8

Arranged in order of rank.

Answer 8

Hierarchical

Question 9

A taxonomic group of any rank, such as a species, family, or class.

Answer 9

Taxon/ Taxa

Question 10

A group of organisms believed to comprise all the evolutionary descendants of a common ancestor.

Answer 10

Clade

Question 11

The highest classification into which living organisms are grouped in Linnean taxonomy

Answer 11

Kingdom

Question 12

A principal taxonomic category that ranks above class and below kingdom, equivalent to the division in botany.

Answer 12

Phylum

Question 13

Refers to a rank equivalent to phylum

Answer 13

Division

Question 14

Taxonomic category ranking used in biological classification that is below a family and above a species level, and includes group(s) of species that are structurally similar or phylogenetically related

Answer 14

Genus

Question 15

A group of organisms that can reproduce with one another in nature and produce fertile offspring.

Answer 15

Species

Question 16

A taxon in the highest rank of organisms,

Answer 16

Domain

Question 17

Unicellular organisms that consist of a single prokaryotic cell

Answer 17

Prokaryote

Question 18

An organism whose cells contain a nucleus within a membrane.

Answer 18

Eukaryote

Question 19

An organism that cannot manufacture its own food by carbon fixation and therefore derives its intake of nutrition from other sources of organic carbon, mainly plant or animal matter.

Answer 19

Heterotrophic

Question 20

An organism capable of synthesizing its own food from inorganic substances, using light or chemical energy.

Answer 20

Autotrophic

Question 21

Any organism that lives and feeds on dead organic matter

Answer 21

Saprotrophic

Question 22

An organism that consists of only one cell

Answer 22

Unicellular

Question 23

Organisms that consist of more than one cell

Answer 23

Multicellular

Question 24

The ability to move actively and on instinct, usually consuming energy in the process.

Answer 24

Motility

Question 25

Any characteristic which is derived by evolution from a common ancestor.

Answer 25

Homologous traits

Question 26

A similarity of function and superficial resemblance of structures that have different origins

Answer 26

Analogous traits

Question 27

A construction using contrasting characteristics to divide the organisms in the key into smaller and smaller groups; each time a choice is made, a number of organisms are eliminated.

Answer 27

Dichotomous key

Question 28

A diagram that represents evolutionary relationships among organisms.

Answer 28

Phylogenetic tree

Question 29

The part of the plant stem where the flowers, branches, and leaves first start to grow.

Answer 29

Node

Question 30

An individual which is a direct ancestor of both individuals

Answer 30

Common ancestor

Question 31

A branching diagram showing the cladistic relationship between a number of species.

Answer 31

Cladogram