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Life Sciences > Biodiversity of Animals > Flashcards

Biodiversity of Animals Flashcards

1
Q

The group of animals in the Kingdom Ameilia without a vertebral column.

A

Invertebrates

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2
Q

The group of animals in the Kingdom Ameilia with a vertebral column.

A

Vertebrates

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3
Q

The characteristic of an animal that shows it can be cut in one or more planes to obtain two mirror images

A

Symmetry

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4
Q

The characteristic of an animal that shows it cannot be cut in any planes to obtain two mirror images

A

Asymmetrical

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5
Q

The type of symmetry present in an animal that can be cut in more than one vertical plane through its centre to obtain two mirror images

A

Radial symmetry

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6
Q

The type of symmetry present in an animal that can only be cut in one vertical plane through its centre to obtain two mirror images

A

Bilateral symmetry

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7
Q

A concentration of nerve cells at the anterior part of the body

A

Cephalisation

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8
Q

The outer germ layer in a developing animal embryo

A

Ectoderm

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9
Q

The inner germ layer in a developing animal embryo

A

Endoderm

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10
Q

The germ layer between the ecto- and endoderm in a developing animal embryo

A

Mesoderm

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11
Q

The characteristic of animals which indicates that the embryo has two germ layers

A

Diploblastic

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12
Q

The non-cellular jelly layer that separates the endo- and ectoderm

A

Mesoglea

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13
Q

The characteristic of animals which indicates that te embryo has three germ layers

A

Triploblastic

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14
Q

An internal fluid-filled cavity in the mesoderm of triploblastic animals

A

Coelom

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15
Q

Triploblastic animals with no coelom in the mesoderm

A

Acoelomates

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16
Q

Triploblastic animals which have a coelom but it is not only surrounded by mesoderm tissue

A

Pseudo-coelomates

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17
Q

Triploblastic with a true coelom in the mesoderm

A

Coelomates

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18
Q

The intake of food

A

Ingestion

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19
Q

The removal of undigested remains

A

Egestion

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20
Q

The type of digestive process which occurs when new food can only be taken in once all food already ingested has been digested and the undigested remains are egested

A

Discontinuous

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21
Q

The type of digestive tract occurring in coelomate animals that have a mouth and anus

A

Through gut

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22
Q

The type of digestive process that can continue during ingestion and digestion

A

Continuous

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23
Q

The phylum in the animal kingdom which includes sponges

A

Porifera

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24
Q

The level of organization in the phylum Porifera where no tissue is layers are present

A

Cellular level of organisation

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25
Q

The sedentary lifestyle of sponges, where they are attached to a substrate

A

Sessile

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26
Q

The large opening on the top of a sponge with a vase shape

A

Osculum

27
Q

The large central cavity in the sponge body

A

Spongocoel

28
Q

Specialized cells which the line the spongocoel and play role in filter feeding

A

Collar cells

29
Q

The protein fibres that, together with the spicules, occur between the endo- ectoderm of a sponge

A

Spongin

30
Q

The phylum in the animal kingdom which includes jellyfish and blue bottles

A

Cnideria

31
Q

The central cavity, with a mouth opening to the outside, as found in Cnidaria

A

Coelenteron

32
Q

The cylindrical, sessile body form with a basal disc found in Cnidaria

A

Polyp

33
Q

The flattened, umbrella shape, free-swimming body form with tentacles on the edges and a mouth on the underside as found in Cnidaria

A

Medusa

34
Q

Spacialised cells on the tentacles of Cnidaria adapted to catch, paralyse and grasp prey

A

Stinging cell

35
Q

The invaginated, sac-like structure, the nematocyst, filled with toxic fluid, which occurs in the stinging cell

A

Nematocyst

36
Q

The trigger that responds to a chemical substance in animal prey

A

Cnidocil

37
Q

The tissue layer in Cnidaria that is adapted for digestion and absorption of nutrients

A

Endoderm

38
Q

The phylum in the animal kingdom which includes the flatworms

A

Platyhelminthes

39
Q

The outer layer covering the epidermis, which protects parasitic flatworms against enzyme action in their hosts

A

Cuticle

40
Q

The type of digestive tract occurring in some flatworms, with only one opening e.g. a mouth at the front

A

Sac-like gut

41
Q

Process through which gases are transported in flatworms

A

Diffusion

42
Q

Specialised cells in Platyhelminthes responsible for excretion

A

Flame cells

43
Q

The phylum in the animal kingdom which includes segmented worms

A

Annelida

44
Q

The cavity of the mesoderm as found in the phylum Annelida

A

Coelom

45
Q

The germ layer that gives rise to the epidermis, cuticle and nervous system in Annelida

A

Ectoderm

46
Q

The type of skeleton found in Annelida

A

Hydrostatic skeleton

47
Q

The digestive tract, in Annelida, where a mouth and anus occur

A

Through gut

48
Q

The type of blood system found in Annelida, where the blood is restricted to blood vessels

A

Closed blood system

49
Q

The excretory organs for nitrogenous waste in Annelida

A

Nephridia

50
Q

The most advanced phylum of all the invertebrates

A

Arthropoda

51
Q

The type of skeleton found in crustaceans

A

Exoskeleton

52
Q

The polysaccharide which occurs in the exoskeleton of Arthropoda

A

Chitin

53
Q

The reduced blood-filled coelom in Arthropoda

A

Haemocoel

54
Q

The type of blood system in Arthropoda, where the blood occurs in blood vessels, but is not restricted to blood vessels

A

Open blood system

55
Q

The specialised organs for gaseous exchange found in insects

A

Tracheae

56
Q

The most advanced phylum in the animal kingdom

A

Chordata

57
Q

The dorsal, rod-like structure of connective tissue found in the embryonic stadia of animals belonging to the phylum Chordata

A

Notochord

58
Q

The sub-phylum under which animals with a vertebral column are classified

A

Vertebrata

59
Q

The type of symmetry found in the phylum Chordata

A

Bilateral symmetry

60
Q

The type of skeleton occurring in Chordata

A

Endoskeleton

61
Q

The specialised organs for gaseous found in fish

A

Gills

62
Q

The process through which dead plant and animal material are broken down to simple nutrients

A

Decomposition

63
Q

The schematic representation used to indicate the evolutionary relationships between different groups of animals

A

Phylogenetic trees

Life Sciences (2 decks)

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