Classification of Pathogenic Bacteria 2

Question 1

What are the different priorities of bacterial infection?

Answer 1

Priority 1 (critical)

Priority 2 (high)

Priority 3 (medium)

Question 2

What is the classification of gram negative bacteria?

Answer 2

Aerobic (strict)
Bacalli

Aerobic
Cocci
Bacalli

Microaerophilic
Bacalli

Anaerobic (strict)
Cocci
Bacalli

Question 3

What are examples of gram negative bacteria?

Answer 3

Neisseria spp (neisseria meningitides and neisseria gonorrhoeae)

Moraxella catarrhalis

Question 4

What does neisseria meningitides cause?

Answer 4

Meningitis

Question 5

What is meningitis?

Answer 5

Inflammation of the meninges and septicaemia

Question 6

What does neisseria gonorrhoeae cause and how is it spread?

Answer 6

Causes urethritis in men and pelvic inflammation in woman

Spead by sexual contact

Question 7

What does moraxella cartarrhalis cause?

Answer 7

Respiratory tract infection

Question 8

What are coliforms?

Answer 8

Organisms in the family enterobacteriacae

Question 9

Where are coliforms found?

Answer 9

Commensals in the large intestine

Question 10

What is a useful test to classify a gram negative bacalli?

Answer 10

Lactose fermentation

Question 11

What are some bacteria from the enterobacteriaceae family?

Answer 11

Esherichia coli (E coli)

Salmonella spp

Salmonella typhi

Shigella spp

Klebsiella spp

Proteus spp

Question 12

What does escherchia coli cause?

Answer 12

Urinary tract infections

Question 13

What is special about salmonella spp?

Answer 13

Does not ferment lactose

Question 14

What does salmonella typhi cause?

Answer 14

Typhoid fever

Question 15

What does shigella spp cause?

Answer 15

Diarrhoea

Question 16

What does klebsiella spp cause?

Answer 16

Urinary tract infection and hospital acquired pneumonia

Question 17

What does proteus spp cause?

Answer 17

Urinary tract infection

Question 18

What are examples of curved (bacalli) bacteria?

Answer 18

Compylobacter spp

Helocibacter spp

Haemophilus influenza

Pseudomonas spp

Question 19

What does compylobacter cause and how is it spread?

Answer 19

Diarrhoea and is spread by faecal oral route

Question 20

What does helocibacter pylori do?

Answer 20

Damages mucosa

Question 21

What does haemophilius influenza cause?

Answer 21

Respiratory tract infection

Question 22

What does pseudomonas cause?

Answer 22

Hospital acquried sepsis

Question 23

What are anaerobes often part of?

Answer 23

Polymicrobial infection

Question 24

What are examples of anaerobes?

Answer 24

Bacteriodes spp

Prevotella

Porphyromonas

Question 25

What does bacteriodes spp cause?

Answer 25

Intra-abdominal abscess

Question 26

What does prevotella cause and how is it spread?

Answer 26

Aspiration pneumonia and is spread by human and animal bites

Question 27

What is miscellaneous bacteria?

Answer 27

Bacteria that cannot be stained with Gram's staining method or cultured by standard methods

Question 28

What are examples of miscellaneous bacteria?

Answer 28

Mycobacterium spp Spriochaetes Chlamydia/Chlamydophilia

Question 29

What is mycrobacterium spp?

Answer 29

Acid and alcohol fast bacalli

Question 30

What is a feature of acid and alcohol fast bacalli like mycobacterium spp?

Answer 30

Resistant to decolourisation by acid or alcohol after staining with carbo fushsin

Question 31

What can mycobacterium spp be identified by?

Answer 31

ZN or auramine phenol (screening)

Question 32

What does ZN or auramine phenol not identify?

Answer 32

The species of mycobacterium

Question 33

What is required to identify species?

Answer 33

Culture

Question 34

What does mycrobacterium tuberculosis cause?

Answer 34

Tuberculosis

Question 35

What is non-tuberculosis mycobacteria known as?

Answer 35

Atypical mycobacteria

Question 36

What is an atypical mycobacteria and what does it cause?

Answer 36

Mycobacteria leprae which cause leprosy, it cannot be cultured

Question 37

What is spirochaetes?

Answer 37

Long spiral shaped bacteria that cannot be easily visualised by light microscopy and is difficult to culture

Question 38

What are types of spirochaetes?

Answer 38

Traponema pallidum Borrelia burgdorferi Leptospira interrogans

Question 39

What does treponema pallidum cause?

Answer 39

Syphilis

Question 40

What does burgdorferi cause?

Answer 40

Lyme disease

Question 41

What does leptospira interrogans cause?

Answer 41

Leprosy

Question 42

What are the 2 types of syphilis?

Answer 42

Primary (non painful skin lesions at the site of infection) Secondary (generalises systematic illness and rash)

Question 43

What kind of phase does syphilis have and how is it diagnosed?

Answer 43

A latent phase It is diagnosed by serology

Question 44

What is lyme disease transmitted by?

Answer 44

Ticks

Question 45

What are the different stages of lyme disease?

Answer 45

Stage 1 (skin rash at site of bite) Stage 2 (systematic illness with cardiac or neurological or musculoskeletal symptoms) Stage 3 (chronic disease)

Question 46

What is leptospirosis transmitted by?

Answer 46

Urine and other body fluids

Question 47

What are different species of chlamydia?

Answer 47

Chlamydophilia pneumaniae Chlamydophilia psittaci Chlamydophilia trachomatis

Question 48

What does Chlamydophilia pneumaniae cause?

Answer 48

Respiratory infection

Question 49

What does Chlamydophilia psittaci cause?

Answer 49

Respiratory infection

Question 50

What does Chlamydophilia trachomatis cause?

Answer 50

Genetial tract infection

Question 51

What is chlamydia diagnosed by?

Answer 51

Serology

Question 52

What is the relationship between chlamydia and agar?

Answer 52

It does not grow in agar