Classification Of Particles Flashcards

0
Q

Hadrons aren’t fundamental particles. They’re made up of smaller particles called what

A

Quarks

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1
Q

HADRON are particles that feel the what

A

STRONG NUCLEAR FORCE

Not all particles can feel it

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2
Q

What are the two types of hadrons called

A

Baryons

Mesons

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3
Q

How are baryons and mesons classified

A

Number of QUARKS that make them up

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4
Q

Name 2 baryons

A

PROTONS & NEUTRONS (nucleons)

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5
Q

Name a baryons which isn’t a nucleon

A

Sigmas (they’re short lived)

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6
Q

Name the ONLY stable baryon

A

Proton (won’t decay as far as we know)

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7
Q

All baryons (apart from proton) are unstable so decay to become other particles. What does the particle the baryon ends up as depends on

A

What it STARTED AS but always includes a PROTON

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8
Q

Name 2 antibaryons

A

ANTIPROTONS and ANTINEUTRONS

Don’t find antibaryons in ordinary matter as they are annihilated when they meet their corresponding particle

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9
Q

What is the number of baryons in an interaction called

A

Baryon number

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10
Q

What do the (anti)proton and (anti)neutron each have a baryon number of

A

+1 (-1)

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11
Q

In an interaction, the baryon number on either side of the equation MUST be ….

A

The same

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12
Q

Neutrons decay into what

A

Protons

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13
Q

What type of interaction is beta decay caused by

A

WEAK interaction

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14
Q

When a neutron decays (beta-minus), what does it form

A

Proton
Electron
Antineutrino

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15
Q

Name 2 mesons

A

Pions & kaons

16
Q

Are all mesons stable or unstable

17
Q

State 2 facts about the pions

A

1) The lightest meson

2) Discovered in cosmic rays

18
Q

Where do you find many pions

A

In HIGH-ENERGY particle collisions like those studied at the CERN PARTICLE ACCELERATOR

19
Q

Kaons are ….. And more ….. Than pions

A

Heavier

Unstable

20
Q

What do mesons and baryons interact via

A

THE STRONG NUCLEAR FORCE

21
Q

What do pion interactions swap

A

PROTONS with NEUTRONS and NEUTRONS with PROTONS

but leave the overall baryon number the same

22
Q

Leptons are ….. Particles and don’t feel the ….

A

Fundamental

STRONG NUCLEAR FORCE

23
Q

How do leptons only really interact via

A

Weak interaction

Along with a bit of gravitational force and the electromagnetic force as well if they’re charged

24
Name the 3 types of leptons
Electrons | Muon & Tau (heavier electrons)
25
.... Are stable, ..... And ..... Are unstable
Electrons Muons Tau
26
What do muons and taus decay eventually into
Ordinary electrons
27
Neutrinos have zero what
MASS (almost) & ELECTRIC CHARGE
28
Neutrinos only take part in what type of interaction
Weak interaction | A neutrino can pass right through the earth without anything happening to it
29
What is each laptop given a lepton number of
1 | Le,Lmue,Ltau (separately)
30
What is the charge of a lepton
-1 | Unless it is a (stated lepton)-neutrino where the charge would be 0