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PAP Chemistry- Daughety > Classification of Matter/Elements Test (9/6/`7) > Flashcards

Classification of Matter/Elements Test (9/6/`7) Flashcards

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1
Q

Element

A

a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means

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2
Q

Compound

A

Made up of two or more different elements

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3
Q

Homogenous Mixture (Solution)

A

Uniform structure of composition

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4
Q

Heterogenous mixture

A

composed of dissimilar components

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5
Q

What are the 3 major categories of the periodic table?

A

Metals, nonmetals, metalloids

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6
Q

What is the difference between periods and groups?

A

Groups run horizontally, periods run vertically

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7
Q

What does the atomic number tell you?

A

Number of protons

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8
Q

Physical properties/changes

A

no composition change

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9
Q

Chemical properties/changes

A

conversion into different substances, composition change

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10
Q

Extensive properties

A

Property that depends on the amount of matter in a sample

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11
Q

Intensive properties

A

Property that depends on the type of matter in a sample

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12
Q

What are the six branches of Chemistry

A

Organic, inorganic, physical, Biochemistry, analytical, theoretical

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13
Q

What are 3 basic reasons to study chemistry?

A

Explaining the natural world, Preparing for careers, informing citizens

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14
Q

Filtration

A

Separating a solid from a liquid in a heterogenous mixture

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15
Q

Distillation

A

Liquid is boiled to produce a vapor that is then condensed to liquid

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16
Q

Matter

A

anything that has mass and takes up space

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17
Q

chemical

A

any substance that has a definite composition

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18
Q

Organic chemistry

A

study of most carbon containing compounds

19
Q

Inorganic chemistry

A

the study of chemicals that do not contain carbon

20
Q

Physical chemistry

A

the study of properties and changes of matter and their relation to energy

21
Q

Analytical chemistry

A

the identification of the components and composition of matter

22
Q

Biochemistry

A

the study of substances and processes occuring in living things

23
Q

Theoretical chemistry

A

the use of math and computers to understand the principles behind observed chemical behavior and to design and predict the properties of new compounds

24
Q

What impact do chemists have on materials, medicine, agriculture, and the environment

A 
new materials
supply materials 
replace body parts
prescription drugs
developing biotechnology
producing crops
testing soil
fighting pests
identifying and preventing polution
25
Q

examples of extensive properties

A

mass, volume

26
Q

Examples of intensive properties

A

density, boiling point, melting point, color

27
Q

what are the 3 common states of matter

A

solid, liquid, gas

28
Q

Solid

A

form of matter that has a definite shape and volume

29
Q

liquid

A

indefinite shape, flows, yet has a fixed volume

30
Q

gas

A

takes on both the shape and volume of its container

31
Q

vapor

A

the gas state of a substance that is generally a liquid or solid at room temperature

32
Q

Plasma

A

a high temp state in which atoms lose most of their electrons

33
Q

reactant

A

substance present and the start of a reaction

34
Q

product

A

substance produced in the reaction

35
Q

what are possible clues that a chemical change takes place?

A

transfer of energy
production of gas
change in color
formation of precipitate

36
Q

Precipitate

A

a solid that forms and settles out of a liquid mixture

37
Q

mixture

A

blend of two or more kinds of matter

38
Q

what is another name for a homogenous mixture

A

solution

39
Q

2 ways mixtures can be separated

A

filtration and distillation

40
Q

where are element symbols derived from?

A

Latin and Greek names

41
Q

periodic table

A

an arrangement of elements in which the elements are separated into groups based on a set of repeating properties

42
Q

nonmetals

A

poor conductors of heat and electric current, most are gases at room temperature

43
Q

metalloid

A

generally has properties that are similar to those of nonmetals and metals.

44
Q

noble gases

A

unreactive

PAP Chemistry- Daughety (7 decks)

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