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Orthodontics > Classification Of Maloccuulsion > Flashcards

Classification Of Maloccuulsion Flashcards

1
Q

What is malocclusion?

A

An appreciable deviation from the ideal occlusion that can be consider aesthetically or functionally unsatisfactory

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2
Q

List some facts about malocclusions.

A

Ideal occlusion is rare
Malocclusion is not a disease state but is regarded as a deviation form the normal
Not all malocclusions require treatment

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3
Q

Why do we treat malocclusions?

A

Dentofacial aesthetics
Dental health
Functional
To facilitate restorative treatment

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4
Q

What % of people have normal occlusion?

A

35%

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5
Q

What % of people have malocclusion?

A

65%

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6
Q

What % of people have Class I incisors?

A

50%

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7
Q

What % of people have Class II Div 1 incisors?

A

35-40%

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8
Q

What % of people have Class II Div 2 incisors?

A

10%

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9
Q

What % of people have Class III incisors?

A

3-5%

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10
Q

Why do we need an orthodontic diagnosis?

A

Help give a description of the occlusion
To help with treatment planning
Epidemiology and prioritising treatment needed

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11
Q

What are the features of malocclusion?

A

Malposition of the teeth (arch alignment)- crowding, rotations, unerupted/absent teeth
Mal relationship of the arches- anteroposterior, transverse, vertical

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12
Q

What are you looking for in the extra-oral examination in orthodontics?

A

Jaw relationship

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13
Q

In antero-posterior jaw relationship examination what are you looking for?

A

You are seeing if the mandible is more or less protrusive than the maxilla

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14
Q

In a vertical jaw relationship examination what are you looking for?

A

Is the lower part of the face too long or too short

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15
Q

In a transverse jaw relationship examination what are you looking for?

A

Is the face symmetrical if viewed from the front

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16
Q

What is an overjet?

A

Horizontal measurement between the upper and lower incisors (anteroposterior measurement)
Normal 2-4mm

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17
Q

What is an overbite?

A

Overlap of the upper anterior teeth over the lowers in a vertical plane
Normal 3-4mm

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18
Q

What is crowding?

A

Crowding is a common space shortage

19
Q

How is crowding determine?

A

Crowding = total tooth size - total arch length

20
Q

What is mild crowding?

A

<3mm

21
Q

What is moderate crowding?

A

4-5mm

22
Q

What is severe crowding?

A

> 6mm

23
Q

What are common classifications of malocclusion?

A

Incisor classification
Skeletal classification
Angle’s classification
Indices

24
Q

What are the 4 categories of incisor classification?

A

Class I, Class II Div 1, Class II Div 2, Class III

25
Q

What is Class I incisal relationship?

A

Lower incisor occludes with or lies directly below the upper incisor cingulum

26
Q

What is a Class II Div 1 incisal relationship?

A

Lower incisor edges are palatal to the cingulum plateau of the upper incisors, upper incisors are proclined with an increased overjet

27
Q

What is a Class II Div 2 incisal relationship?

A

Lower incisors edges are palatal to the cingulum of the upper incisors, upper incisors are retroclined

28
Q

What is a Class III incisal relationship?

A

Lower incisor edges lie anterior to the cingulum of the upper incisors, overjet may be reduced or reversed

29
Q

What are the three skeletal classifications based on the anteroposterior relationship of the mandible and the maxilla?

A

Class I, Class II, Class III

30
Q

How can the skeletal classification be evaluated?

A

Clinically (profile) or cephalometrically (radiograph)

31
Q

What is a skeletal class I relationship?

A

ANB 2-4 degrees (cehphalometrical radiograph value)

Balanced facial profile

32
Q

What is a skeletal class II relationship?

A

ANB >4 degrees

Profile shows relative mandible retrusion

33
Q

What is a skeletal class III relationship?

A

ANB <2 degrees

Profile shows relative mandibular prominence

34
Q

What is Angle’s classification?

A

Based on the buccal segment relationship

Classifies the relationship of the upper and lower first permanent molars

35
Q

What is an Angle’s class I relationship?

A

Mesiobuccal cusp of the upper first molar occludes with the anterior buccal groove of the lower first molar

36
Q

What is an Angle’s class II relationship?

A

The lower arch is at least half a cusp’s width posterior to class I

37
Q

What is an Angle’s class III relationship?

A

The lower arch is at least half a cusp’s width anterior to class I

38
Q

What are the problems with Angle’s classification?

A

Incisors not considered
Skeletal pattern is not considered
First molars may have drifted or be absent
Dividing line between categories in unclear

39
Q

What are the 2 main indices of malocclusion?

A

IOTN (index of orthodontic treatment need) and PAR (peer assessment rating)

40
Q

What are the indices of malocclusion used for?

A

Epidemiology
Treatment priority and resource allocation
Audit of the standard of treatment outcome
Research

41
Q

What is the index of orthodontic treatment need (IOTN)?

A

Used for describing the need for treatment

Based on two components- dental health component and aesthetic component

42
Q

What is the dental health component?

A

It is a 5 point scale, based on the most severe of the abnormal occlusal features- 1= no treatment needed, 5= very great treatment needed

43
Q

What is the aesthetic component?

A

10 point scale, uses standardised series of photographs of the teeth with 1 being normal and 10 being most unattractive

44
Q

What is the peer assessment rating?

A

Used for assessing the quality of treatment outcome
Scores allocated before and after treatment
Allows for assessment of the degree of improvement during orthodontic treatment

Orthodontics (11 decks)

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