Classification and taxonomy Flashcards
What criteria is used to identify organisms?
Scientists use similar and evolutionary traits
What features of binomial nomenclature make it useful for scientists of all nations?
So everyone in the world can understand it because Latin is the same everywhere
What are linnaeus’s seven taxonomic categories?
Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
What is the goal of evolutionary classification?
To find a shared ancestor
What is a derived character?
Characteristics found in recent parts of the lineage, but not in older members
How is a cladogram used in classification?
Shows the evolutionary relationship between organisms
How are DNA and RNA used to help classify organisms?
Shows important differences at the molecular level of organisms
What is phylogeny?
The evolutionary relationships among organisms
Describe how a molecular clock is used to estimate how long that two related species have been evolving independently
Used DNA comparisons to estimate the length of time that 2 species have been evolving independently. The more differences the more time has passed
What is the difference between Domain and Kingdom?
Domain is the largest with 3 categories (Bacteria, arctwe, and eurkarya) Kingdom is the second largest
What characteristics is used to place an organism under bacteria?
Prokaryotes, have cell walls with peptidoglycan, be unicellular, be autotroph/heterotrophs and be a bacteria.
Which domain has prokaryotes who cell walls lack peptidoglycan?
Archea has prokaryotes without peptidoglycan
Protista
Cell walls of cellulose or chloroplast, unicellular, multicellular, auto/heterotroph
Fungi
Cell walls of chitin, multi/unicellular, heterotroph
Plantae
Cell walls of cellulose, or chloroplasts, multicellular, autotroph
