Classification

Question 1

Classification

Answer 1

the action or process of classifying something according to shared qualities or characteristics.

Question 2

Taxonomy

Answer 2

the branch of science concerned with classification, especially of organisms; systematics.

Question 3

Binomial nomencature

Answer 3

the system of nomenclature in which two terms are used to denote a species of living organism, the first one indicating the genus and the second the specific epithet.

Question 4

Genus

Answer 4

a principal taxonomic category that ranks above species and below family, and is denoted by a capitalized Latin name

Question 5

Family

Answer 5

all the descendants of a common ancestor.

Question 6

Order

Answer 6

a set or category of things having some property or attribute in common and differentiated from others by kind, type, or quality.

Question 7

Phylum

Answer 7

a principal taxonomic category that ranks above class and below kingdom.

Question 8

Division

Answer 8

the action of separating something into parts, or the process of being separated.

Question 9

Kingdom

Answer 9

a taxonomic category of the highest rank, grouping together all forms of life having certain fundamental characteristics in common: in the five-kingdom classification scheme adopted by many biologists, separate kingdoms are assigned to animals (Animalia), plants (Plantae), fungi (Fungi), protozoa and eucaryotic algae

Question 10

Domain

Answer 10

highest taxonomic rank of organisms in the three-domain system of taxonomy designed by Carl Woese, an American microbiologist and biophysicist.

Question 11

Phylogeny

Answer 11

the development or evolution of a particular group of organisms. 2. the evolutionary history of a group of organisms, especially as depicted in a family tree.

Question 12

Characters

Answer 12

any observable feature, or trait, of an organism, whether acquired or inherited.

Question 13

Molecular clock

Answer 13

the changes in the amino acid sequences of proteins that take place during evolution and speciation, and from which the dates of branchings of taxonomic groups can be deduced.

Question 14

Cladistics

Answer 14

classification of organisms based on the branchings of descendant lineages from a common ancestor.

Question 15

Cladogram

Answer 15

a branching diagram depicting the successive points of species divergence from common ancestral lines without regard to the degree of deviation.

Question 16

Archaea

Answer 16

a group of microorganisms, including the methanogens and certain halophiles and thermoacidophiles, that have RNA sequences, coenzymes, and a cell wall composition that are different from all other organisms: considered to be an ancient form of life that evolved separately from the bacteria and blue-green algae and sometimes classified as a kingdom.

Question 17

Protists

Answer 17

any of various one-celled organisms, classified in the kingdom Protista,

Question 18

Fungus

Answer 18

any of a diverse group of eukaryotic single-celled or multinucleate organisms that live by decomposing and absorbing the organic material in which they grow