classification Flashcards

1
Q

describe the linnaean system

A

was developed by Carl Linnaeus and is based on the hierarchy of groups

Dear King Philip Came Over For Good Soup
D - domain
K - kingdom
P - phylum
C - class
O - order
F - family
G - genus
S - species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

define each sect of the linnaean system

A

Dear King Philip Came Over For Good Soup
D - domain; broadest category, e.g. bacteria, archaea
K - kingdom; next level of classification, e.g. plants, fungi
P - phylum; based on major body plans or features, e.g. chordata is for vertebrates
C - class; the type of animal they are, e.g. mammal
O - order; each class is then divided into orders, e.g. carnivores
F - family; ancestor they came from, e.g., cats are from the feline family
G - genus; a group of closely related species, e.g. panthers include lion, tigers and leopards
S - species; organisms that can be interbred to produce fertile offspring, e.g. panthera leo is lions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

describe three reasons why classification is important

A

-» since there are many species on this earth, it helps scientists organise and study them systematically
-» shows evolutionary relationships between animals
-» helps scientists recognise, organise and name animals clearly
-» understand biodiversity and conservation
-» medicine and agriculture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

describe the binomial naming system

A

each species has a two-part scientific name, starting with a genus and then ending with a species
the genus must be capitalised but the species should not and they both should be written in italics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

describe the three domains of life

A

bacteria -
single-celled prokaryotic organisms
archaea -
single-celled prokaryotic organisms with distinct biochemical and genetics properties
e.g. hot springs, salt lakes
eukarya -
eukaryotic organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

describe the five kingdoms of life

A

-» animalia ( animals )
multicellular, eukaryotic organisms.
heterotrophic (consume other organisms for food)
e.g. humans, dogs, insects.

-» plantae ( plants )
multicellular, eukaryotic organisms.
autotrophic ( produce their own food through photosynthesis )
e.g. trees, flowers, grasses.

-» fungi
multicellular or unicellular, eukaryotic organisms.
absorb nutrients from decaying organic matter ( heterotrophic) .
e.g. mushrooms, yeast, molds.

-» protista ( protists )
mostly unicellular, eukaryotic organisms.
can be autotrophic or heterotrophic.
e.g. amoeba, paramecium, algae.

-» monera ( bacteria and cyanobacteria )
unicellular, prokaryotic organisms.
includes bacteria and blue-green algae.
e.g. streptococcus bacteria, cyanobacteria.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

describe a phylogenetic tree

A

evolutionary relationships between different species based on similarities and differences in their characteristics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

describe cladistics

A

method of classification based on shared derived characteristics (traits that appear in recent species but not in their ancestors)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

describe four methods of classification

A

morphological -
based on shape, size and structure of an animal
genetic similarities -
DNA sequences are compared to determine evolutionary relationships
biochemical characterises -
chemical processes within organisms
behavioural traits -
certain behaviours may be used to classify animals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

define a dichotomous key

A

identify organisms based on a series of choices between two characteristics at each step
e.g., “does the plant have leaves?” yes/no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly