classification Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the basic definition of a species?

A

A group of similar organisms that can breed to produce fertile offspring

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2
Q

What are 3 features of the binomial naming system?

A

it is universal (used by scientists globally)
the first name (generic name) denotes the GENUS
the second name (specific name) denotes the SPECIES

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3
Q

Which of the words is written with a capital letter when naming species using the binomial system?

A

the genus (first word)

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4
Q

What are 3 ways two organisms from the same species may be similar?

A

physically
biochemically
behaviourally

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5
Q

What are 5 ways courtship behaviour can enable successful mating?

A

it enables individuals to:
- recognise members of their own species
- identify a mate that is capable of breeding/sexually mature
- form a pair bond
- synchronise mating
- become able to breed

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6
Q

What is the basic definition of classification?

A

the grouping of organisms

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7
Q

the grouping of organisms

A

the theory and practice of biological classification

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8
Q

what are the 2 main types of classification?

A

artificial and phylogenetic

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9
Q

How does courtship behaviour show similarity in the genetics of 2 organisms?

A

the more similar the courtship behaviour, the more closely related the two organisms

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10
Q

What are three features of phylogenetic classification?

A

based on evolutionary relationships
classifies species using shared features derived from ancestors
arranges groups into a hierarchy

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11
Q

What is a hierarchy?

A

smaller groups arranged within larger groups, with no overlap

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12
Q

What is a taxon?

A

a group within a phylogenetic classification

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13
Q

Give 3 characteristics of Bacteria

A

no membrane-bound organelles
unicellular
cell walls made of murein
single loop of ‘naked’ DNA

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14
Q

Give 3 ways Archaea differ from bacteria

A

no murein in cell walls
membranes contain fatty acid chains attached to glycerol
genes and protein synthesis is more similar to eukaryotes

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15
Q

Give 3 features of Eukarya

A

contain membrane-bound organelles
membranes contain fatty acid chains attached to glycerol
IF contain cell wall, doesn’t contain murein
larger (80S) ribosomes

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