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Biology 1 > Classification > Flashcards

Classification Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is classification?

A

This is the method used by scientists to order living organisms.

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2
Q

What is a vertebrate?

A

A vertebrate is an animal with a backbone.

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3
Q

What is an invertebrate?

A

A invertebrate is an animal without a backbone.

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4
Q

What 5 groups of animal are vertebrates?

A

Fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals

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5
Q

What do fish do?

A

Fish exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide across gills and lay eggs that are fertilized externally.

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6
Q

What do amphibians do?

A

Amphibians exchange gases though their moist, permeable skin and lay externally fertilized eggs.

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7
Q

What do reptiles and birds do?

A

Reptiles and birds exchange gases via their lungs and lay internally fertilized eggs.

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8
Q

What do mammals do?

A

Mammals give birth to live young, which grow inside the body of the mother. Eggs are fertilized internally.

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9
Q

What does poikilotherm mean?

A

This means that the vertebrates are cold-blooded and can’t control their internal body temperature.
Examples: fish, amphibians and reptiles.

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10
Q

What does homeotherm mean?

A

This means that the vertebrates are warm-blooded and can control their internal body temperature.
Examples: birds and mammals.

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11
Q

What’s the order we classify living organisms into?

A 
Kingdom
Class
Order
Family
Genus 
Species
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12
Q

What is an easy way to remember how to classify living organisms?

A 
Kings
Can 
Order
Family
Guy
Species
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13
Q

What 5 kingdoms are there?

A

Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protcostista and Prokaryotes.

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14
Q

What features do animalia have?

A

Animalia are multicellular, their cells do not have chlorophyll or a cell wall and they feed heterotrophically (find food from their environment). Examples: mammals, birds, reptiles.

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15
Q

What features do plantae have?

A

Plantae are multicellular, their cells do have chlorophyll and a cellulose cell wall and their also
make food by photosynthesis. (autotrophic)
Example: all green plants.

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16
Q

What features do fungi have?

A

Fungi are multicellular, their cells do not have a chlorophyll and are surrounded by a cell wall not made of cellulose and they also feel on dead organic matter. (saprophytically)
Examples: moulds, mushrooms and yeast.

17
Q

What features do protoctista have?

A

Protoctista are unicellular (except seaweed) and their also have a distinct nucleus.
Examples: amoeba and paramecium.

18
Q

What features do prokaryotes have?

A

Prokaryotes are unicellular and don’t have a distinct nucleus.
Examples: bacteria and blue-green algae.

19
Q

Do viruses belong to a kingdom?

A

No because scientists can’t decide whether they are living organisms or not.

20
Q

What is a species?

A

Organisms that are capable of breeding together to produce fertile offspring.

21
Q

What is important about binomial classification?

A

It enables scientists to:

  • communicate information about the thousands of different species
  • recognise areas of great biodiversity that should be targets for conservation efforts.
22
Q

What does oviparous mean?

A

Oviparous means eggs are laid.

23
Q

What does viviparous mean?

A

Viviparous means where things give birth to young.

24
Q

Why are shark difficult to categorise?

A

They are difficult to categorise because they are fish but they give birth to their young and use internal fertilisation.

25
Q

Why is classification sometimes complicated?

A
  • Due to variation within a species.
  • Hybridisation,
  • Ring species.
26
Q

What is a ring species?

A

Ring species refers to a chain of related species that are closely connected geographically but some can’t interbreed.

27
Q

What is the name given to UK robins?

A

Erithacus rubecula.

28
Q

What is the name given to humans?

A

Homo sapiens.

Biology 1 (15 decks)

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