Classification Flashcards
Domains
1)bacteria
Prokaryotes~0.5um in size No nucleus Circular DNA not associated with histone proteins Plasmids No membrane bound organelles 70s ribosomes Peptidoglycan cell wall Divides by binary fission Single cell or group of cells
Domain
2)archea=prokaryote
No nucleus No membrane bound organelles Circular DNA associated with histone proteins Plasmids 70s ribosomes but have features similar to eukaryotic Cell wall but not peptidoglycan Binary fission Single cells or group of cells
Domain
3)eukarya
Nucleus and membrane bound organelles
DNA im nucleus arranged as linear chromosomes with histone proteins
80s ribosomes in cystol and 70s ribosomes im chloroplasts and mitochondria
Unicellular or multicellular
Mitosis
Reproduce sexually or asexually
Kingdoms
1)protoctista
Any eukaryote which is not fungi,plant or animal
Eukaryotic
Mostly single celled or group of similar cells
Protozoa
Algae
Kingdoms
2)fungi
Eukaryote No chlorophyll or photosynthesis Heterotrophic Reproduce by spores Unicellular or made of long threads called hyphea Chitin cell wall No cilia nor flagella
Kingdoms
3)plantea
Multicellular eukaryotes differentiated to form tissues and organs
Few types of specialized cells
Some cells have chloroplasts and photosynthesize
Cells have large permanent vacuoles
Autotrophic nutrition
Cellulose cell wall
Cells may have flagella
Kingdoms
4)anmelia
Multicellular eukaryotes with differentiated types of specialized cells Cells differentiated to form tissues and organs No chloroplasts and no photosynthesis Small temporary vacuoles Heterotrophic No cell wall in cells Nervous system communication Sometimes have cilia or flagella
Viruses
Only visible with electron microscope A cellular Have proteins with nucleic acid No metabolism Use biochemical machinery of host cell to copy their nucleic acids and make proteins DNA may be single or double stranded 20-750nm Disease causing Have enzymes to help replication Not thought to be living May have external membrane
Why is a species considered endangered and why
▪️fall in numbers ▪️danger of becoming extinct ▪️habitat destruction ▪️climate change ▪️inc in disease ▪️inc in predators ▪️dec in food ▪️hunting ▪️inc competition ▪️lack of education ▪️disturbance to breeding sites
What are methods of conserving animal species
▪️Place in zoos ▪️protect against disease ▪️captive breeding programes ▪️assisted reproduction ▪️released in to wild ▪️national parks ▪️educate public ▪️ban hunting ▪️breeding sites protected
Explain the need to maintain biodiversity
▪️Cultural reasons ▪️moral reasons ▪️medicine ▪️economic benefits ▪️maintains food webs ▪️nutrient cycling ▪️protection against erosion ▪️climate stability ▪️maintains genetic variation ▪️scientific research
What is an ecosystem
Self contained interacting community of organisms and the environment in which they live and with which they interact
Abiotic and biotic factors
What are the 3 levels of biodiversity
▪️Variation in ecosystems and habitats
▪️Number of diff species in the ecosystem and their abundance
▪️Genetic variation within each species
What is genetic diversity
Diversity of alleles within the genes in the genome of a single species
What is the importance of botanic gardens
▪️protect endangered plant species
▪️research methods of reproduction and growth so they can cultivated and grown in appropriate conditions
▪️research conservation methods so the plants can be introduced to a new habitat if its original was destroyed
▪️educate public in role of plants in ecosystem
▪️reintroduce species where they have become rare or extinct
