Classics Chapter 20: Trojan War (Buildup) Flashcards
revisit slide 1
yes yse
About when was a Trojan War actually fought?
1200 BCE
Who is Menelaus? (bro,prince)
Brother of Agamemnon
Prince of Sparta
Who is Agamemnon? (bro, prince)
Bro of Menelaus
Prince of Mycenae
Pelops’ dad
Tantalus
Where does Pelops go to win a lady (name)?
Elis
Hippodamia
win father in chariot race -
Oenomaus
father of Hippodamia
gives suitor a head start, then cut off head from behind
Why does Poseidon give him tireless horses?
he is Pelops’ lover
How does Pelops get his lady?
he wins father in chariot race
- gets Poseidon’s horses
- bribes charioteer to alter king’s chariot
What does Myrtilus do to the champion?
used wax on axles instead of broze pins
the heat up, melt, wheels fall, and Oneomaus drags to death
How does Pelops’ house get cursed?
- He promises Myrtilus that that he could have his wife the first night. He throws him off a cliff instead, and M curses him.
2.
House of Pelops
Pittheus, Chrysippus, Atreus, Thyestes, , Agamem, Menelaus, Ageisthus
Who are Pelops’ sons?
Pittheus
Chrysippus,
Atreus
Thyestes
Who are Atreus’ sons?
Agamem and MEnelaus
Who are Thyestes’ sons?
Aegisthus (raised by Atreus), 2 others
Pittheus
granddad of Theseus, father of Aethra
son of PElops
Chrysippus
son of Pelops
curses Laius for raping son
How does Peloponnesus come about?
Pelops takes Oeneomaus’ throne of Elis
renames region after self
How does Pelops’ house become intertwined with the Mycenean throne?
the line of kings ends and an oracle says to choose one of his sons
Atreus is chosen
How does Atreus attribute to a curse on his descendants?
his wife has an affair with his brother (Thyestes), so he kills his 3sons, feeds them to his banquet guests, then shows T their heads
Thyestes curses the hose
Pelopia
daughter of Thyestes whom he rapes
married to Pelopia
How does Atreus’ brother claim his throne?
Thyestes’ son Aegisthus is sent to kill him
A recognizes his sword
A’s sister Pelopia tells him how to get her
she commits suicide, kills Atreus
How do Pelopia and Atreus die?
Pelopia kills herself from betraying her husband (Atreus) for her brother (Aegisthus)
Atreus is killed by Aegisthus
Who is Tyndareus? What does he do (3)?
King of Sparta
- Takes in Agamemnon and Menelaus
- take back Mycenae throne Atreus’ descendants - Agamem gets throne
- marries her daughters to them
What happens because of Thyestes’ reclaiming?
Agamemnon and Menelaus flee to sparta
Who are Tyndareus’ daughters?
Clytemnestra and Helen
married to Agamemnon and Menelaus, resp
Why did Meneaus get Helen?
idk
Who are Leda’s children? with who?
Tyndareus: Castor, Clytemnestra
Zeus: Hellen, Polydeuces (Pollux)
The Dioscuri
What did they do?
“Sons of Zeus” Castor(not son of Zeus) and Polydeuces (Pollux)
- recover Helen from Athens/Theseus; made Aethra(T’s mom) Helen’s slave
- joined argonauts
weird death story with twins
Castor killed during cattle raid
Polydeuces saves C by persuading his father Zeus to grant them partial immortality
spend 1 day on Olympus, next in Hades
Oath of Tyndareus
- what is it?
- how does it come into place?
In order to get a chance, suitors must swear oath to punish offender of Helen’s honor
Odysseus proposes solution to get Tyndareus
niece Penelope
How does the Trojan War start?
Helen chooses MEnelaus
Paris abducts Helen-volates xenia
men promised to punish offender of helen
Troy
greatest city on Aegean Coast (Turkey)
Paris
-father, brother,
king of troy
1/50 sons of Priam
brother of Hector (greatest fighter)
What happened to Paris at a wedding?
Whose wedding?
Thetis and Peleus
Zeus thought he was pretty, so he chose him to judge beauty contest vs. hera, athena, aphrodite
Peleus
minor king in Thessaly whom Zeus marries Thetis to (Nereus’ daughter- sea goddess) because prometheus tells him to
fathers Achilles
What does Thetis think of Peleus?
eww mortal; must be physically forced to marry him
What does Hera do for Thetis?
Throws her a wedding b/c grateful for not sleeping with Zeus
Who is Eris? What does she do?
Goddess of Strife
bitter bc not invited to Thetis’ wedding
throws a golden apple into crowd that says “To the Fairest” - hera. athena, aphro fight for it, so paris judges
What do the goddesses bribe Paris? Who does he choose to be the winner?
Hera- political power
Athena - glory as soldier
Aphrodite - most beautiful girl in the room (winner)
Where do the Greeks assemble to begin sacking Troy? What do they cross to sail there?
Aulis on Boetia coast
cross Lemnos to sail there
Calchas
prophet of Greek heroes (Troy fighters-to-be)
forsees problems
What problems do the Greeks face when planning to begin attacking Troy?
- Can’t win without Achilles, who was too young to take Oath of Tyndareus
- winds won’t let them depart unless Agamemnon sacrifices his daughter
Why does Agamemnon have to sacrifice ____?
sacrifice hsi daughter Iphigenia
he boasted while hunting, so Artemis got angry
How does Agamemnon kill his daughter?
tricks her into approaching daughter
thought she would be betrothed to Achilles
gags her so she doesn’t curse
What author saves Iphigenia?
Euripides has alt version in which she is saves
Why would Agamemnon kill his own daughter to win his brother’s wife back?
- shame culture? honor loss too great to bear
- men more obsessed with war than family
What happens in Achilles’ childhood?
immortal mom Thetis burns him in fire to burn mortal parts
Peleus comes in and ruins it
What does Peleus do to Achilles?
stops him form being fully immortal
leaves hi with Chiron
Why does Thetis leave Peleus and baby?
eww he’s mortal
he stops the baby from being immortal
What is the ___’s later version of Achilles’ immortality?
who definitely doesn’t know about this version?
Roman’s: Thetis dips him in Styx, can’t dip heel
Homer doesn’t
How does Achilles get recruited to fight in Trojan War? What stopped him?
his mom hid him on Scyros with girls bc knows his fate
Calchas figures out where he is
Odysseus gets him by staging an attack on Scyros - Achilles leaps out to fight
