Classical solo concerto Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

What is a classical concerto?

A

A single solo instrument accompanied by an orchestra

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2
Q

What instrument was invented during the classical period which replaced the harpsichord?

A

Piano

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3
Q

What woodwind instrument was invented during the baroque period?

A

Clarinet

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4
Q

What did classical concertos no longer have?

A

Continuo section

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5
Q

What happened to the size of classical orchestras?

A

They became bigger than baroque orchestras as the number of instruments increased and new instruments such as the clarinet were added

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6
Q

What are the characteristics of the first movement of a classical concerto?

A

Sonata form, brisk, purposeful

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7
Q

What are the characteristics of the second movement of a classical concerto?

A

Ternary or variation form, slow, lyrical, song-like

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8
Q

What are the characteristics of the third movement of a classical concerto?

A

Rondo, variation or sonata form, fast, cheerful

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9
Q

What form did classical composers often use, particularly in their final movements?

A

Rondo form

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10
Q

What is the structure of rondo form?

A

ABACADA…, where A is repeated against contrasting episodes (similar to baroque ritornello form)

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11
Q

What sections do the soloist and orchestra sometimes perform?

A

Sections in dialogue with each other

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12
Q

How many sections does sonata form have?

A

3 sections

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13
Q

What is the first section in a sonata?

A

Exposition- where two contrasting (by pitch of tonality) themes are introduced, linked by a bridge passage

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14
Q

What is the second section in a sonata?

A

Development section- where new harmonies and rhythms are developed. Sequences, imitation or pedal notes could also be introduced

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15
Q

What is the third section in a sonata?

A

Recapitulation- where the themes from the exposition are repeated both in the tonic key often with some ornaments added followed by the coda

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16
Q

What is a coda

A

The concluding section that ‘ties up the loose ends’, bringing the sonata movement to a close

17
Q

What is variation form?

A

a melodic theme which is then repeated with changes in melody, harmony, and rhythm

18
Q

What is a cadenza section?

A

A section which occurs just before the end of the first movement (and sometimes the last movement). It is sometimes unaccompanied and is based on one of more of the themes from the movement

19
Q

What do cadenza sections normally end in?

A

A long trill- a kind of signal or cue for the orchestra to get ready again to enter the final coda section where everyone plays together to end the movement

20
Q

What do soloists normally do in a cadenza?

A

Improvise and include lots of fast scale passages, broken chords and decorated and ornementated melodies

21
Q

Characteristics of classical concerto melodies?

A

Light/simple/elegant, sequences, ornaments (not as much as baroque), mainly homophonic texture, more expressive dynamics (than the baroque terraced dynamics), crescendos, diminuendos, balanced phrases (4 or 8 bar phrases), question and answer phrases

22
Q

Characteristics of a classical concerto harmony?

A

Mainly primary chords- I,IV,V

23
Q

What does a the conductor usually do in a classical concerto and why?

A

Follow the soloist. This allows the soloist to interpret their music as they wish

24
Q

Examples of famous composers of classical concertos?

A

Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven

25
Q

Where were classical concerto performed?

A

More public spaces: grander concert halls and opera houses

26
Q

Features of harmony and tonality in classical solo concertos

A

Simple harmony using mainly primary chords I,IV,V, diatonic harmony, modulations to related keys

27
Q
A