Classical Civilizations

Question 1

common features of classical civilizations?

Answer 1

patriarchal family structures, agriculture-based economies, complex governments, expanding trade base

Question 2

Greece

Answer 2

800 - 300 BCE

Question 3

most enduring influences from athens:

Answer 3

valued education and human power, interest in political theory, celebration oh humans

Question 4

government?

Answer 4

no centraized government - fortified state that formed the centers of city states

Question 5

governing styles?

Answer 5

sparta = military state, athens = democracy for adult males

Question 6

what was government rule like?

Answer 6

athenian gov’t dominatd by tyrants or strong rulers who gained power from military prowess

Question 7

labor system?

Answer 7

slavery

Question 8

women and slaves?

Answer 8

little freedom and neither group could participate in political affairs

Question 9

rome dates?

Answer 9

about 500 BCE - 476 CE, but eastern hald continued for another 1000 yrs

Question 10

religion?

Answer 10

polytheism derived from greeks - not important to most people

Question 11

military policy

Answer 11

conquer but don’t oppress, division of army into legions, emphasized organization and military talent

Question 12

Culture

Answer 12

art, philosophy, science, literature derived from Greece

Question 13

Engineering and architecture:

Answer 13

superb techniques, monumental architecture, roads, sanitation systems, buildings, aqueducts, bridges

Question 14

era of republic:

Answer 14

rule by aristocrats, power shared with assemblies, powerful senate and consuls

Question 15

era of empire:

Answer 15

non-hereditary emperor (usually chosen by senate), extensive colonization and military conquest

Question 16

social division

Answer 16

between aristocrats and farmers, middle class fo merchants developed

Question 17

economy:

Answer 17

wealth based on land ownership, gap between rich and poor

Question 18

families:

Answer 18

male-dominated

Question 19

labor system:

Answer 19

all kinds of manual labor, and slavery

Question 20

Dominant Religion in India and minor religion in India

Answer 20

Hinduism and Buddhism

Question 21

Vedas

Answer 21

Religious stories written down by Aryans

Question 22

Religion of the Mauryans

Answer 22

Buddhism

Question 23

Religion of the Guptas

Answer 23

Hinduism

Question 24

Great Epic Literature

Answer 24

Ramayana and Mahabarata

Question 25

Mathematical advancements

Answer 25

10 based system

Question 26

Trade Routes used

Answer 26

Indian Ocean and Silk Road

Remember these people coined money for trade

Question 27

Political Organization of Classical India

Answer 27

Lack of Political Unity due to geographic barriers and diversity of people. Small Kingdoms and political authority less important than caste membership and group allegiances

Question 28

Chandragupta Maurya

Answer 28

Founder of the Maurya Dynasty

Question 29

Maurya Dynasty Dates

Answer 29

323 BCE-185 BCE

Question 30

Mauryan Empire and Gupta dynasty were formed on what basis

Answer 30

formed on military Congrest

Question 31

Ashoka

Answer 31

Mauryan Emperor who helped spread Buddhism in India

Question 32

Theater State

Answer 32

techniques used during the Gupta dynasty where they created grand palaces and courts to impress visitors and hide political weaknesses

Question 33

Capital city of Mauryan Empire

Answer 33

Pataliputra

Question 34

Mauryan Government contained

Answer 34

an efficient but harsh bureaucracy, a powerful army, an organization of secret police

Question 35

Empire was split into

Answer 35

provinces, districts, and villages. These places had state-appointed rulers and a hierarchical court system that led all the way up to the emperor