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Classic/Relevant Treatments Flashcards

1
Q

Acute gout attack

A

NSAIDs, colchicine, glucocorticoids

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2
Q

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3)

A

All-trans retinoic acid

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3
Q

ADHD

A

Methylphenidate, CBT, atomoxetine, guan facing, clonidine

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4
Q

Alcoholism

A

Disulfiram, acamprosate, naltrexone, supportive care

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5
Q

Alcohol withdrawal

A

Long-acting benzodiazepines

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6
Q

Anorexia

A

Nutrition, psychotherapy, mirtazapine

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7
Q

Arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue

A

Class IB anti arrhythmic (lidocaine, mexiletine)

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8
Q

BPH

A

Alpha1-antagonists, 5alpha reductase inhibitors, PDE-5 inhibitors

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9
Q

Bipolar disorder

A

Mood stabilizers (lithium, valproic acid, carbamazepine), atypical antipsychotics

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10
Q

Breast cancer in postmenopausal woman

A

Aromatase inhibitor (anastrozole)

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11
Q

Buerger disease

A

Smoking cessation

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12
Q

Bulimia nervosa

A

SSRIs

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13
Q

Candida albicans

A

topical Azoles (vaginitis); nystatin, fluconazole, caspofugin (oral/esophageal); fluconazole, caspofungin, amphotericin B (systemic)

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14
Q

Carcinoid syndrome

A

Octreotide

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15
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis

A

Doxycycline (+ceftriaxone for gonorrhea coinfection), erythromycin eye drops (prophylaxis in infants)

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16
Q

Chronic gout

A

Xanthine oxidase inhibitors (eg allopurinol, febuxostat); pegloticase; probenecid

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17
Q

Chronic Hepatitis B&C

A

IFN-alpha (HBV and HCV); ribavirin, simeprevir, sofosbuvir (HCV)

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18
Q

Chronic myelogenous leukemia

A

Imatinib

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19
Q

Clostridium botulinum

A

Antitoxin

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20
Q

Clostridium tetanus

A

Antitoxin

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21
Q

Clostridium difficile

A

Oral metronidazole, if refractory - oral vancomycin

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22
Q

CMV

A

Ganciclovir, foscarnet, cidofovir

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23
Q

Crohn disease

A

Corticosteroids, infliximab, azathioprine

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24
Q

Cryptococcosis neoformans

A

Fluconazole (in AIDS pts)

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25
Q

Cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis

A

Mesna

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26
Q

Depression

A

SSRIs (first line)

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27
Q

DM type I

A

Dietary intervention (low carbohydrate) + insulin replacement

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28
Q

DM type II

A

Dietary intervention, oral hypoglycemics and insulin (if refractory)

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29
Q

DKA

A

Fluids, insulin, K+

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30
Q

Drug of choice for anticoagulation during pregnancy

A

Heparin

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31
Q

Enterococci

A

Vancomycin, aminopenicillins/cephalosporins

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32
Q

Erectile dysfunction

A

Sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil

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33
Q

ER+ breast cancer

A

Tamoxifen

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34
Q

Ethylene glycol/methanol intoxication

A

Fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)

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35
Q

Haemophilus influenzae type B

A

Rifampin (prophylaxis)

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36
Q

Generalized anxiety disorder

A

SSRIs, SNRIs (first line); buspirone (second line)

37
Q

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis

A

Cylcophosphamide, corticosteroids

38
Q

Heparin reversal

A

Protamine sulfate

39
Q

HER2/new + breast cancer

A

Trastuzumab

40
Q

Hyperaldosteronism

A

Spironolactone

41
Q

Hypercholesterolemia

A

Statin (first line)

42
Q

Hypertriglyceridemia

43
Q

Immediate anticoagulation

44
Q

Infertility

A

Leuprolide, GnRH (pulsatile), clomiphene

45
Q

Influenza

A

Oseltamivir, zanamivir

46
Q

Kawasaki disease

A

IVIG, high-dose aspirin

47
Q

Legionella pneumophilia

A

Macrolides (eg Azithromycin)

48
Q

Long-term anticoagulation

A

Warfarin, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban

49
Q

Malaria

A

Chloroquine, mefloquine, atovaquone/proguanil (for blood schizont), primaquine (for liver hypnozoite)

50
Q

Malignant hyperthermia

A

Dantrolene

51
Q

Medical abortion

A

Mifepristone

52
Q

Migraine

A

Abortive therapies (sumatriptan, NSAIDs); prophylaxis (propranolol, topiramate, CCBs, amitriptyline)

53
Q

Multiple sclerosis

A

Disease-modifying therapies (beta-interferon, natalizumab); for acute flares (IV steroids)

54
Q

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

A 
RIPE
Rifampin
Isoniazid
Pyrazinamide
Ethambutol
55
Q

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

A

Ceftriaxone (add doxycycline to cover likely cocurrent C.trachomatis)

56
Q

Neural tube defects prevention

A

Prenatal folic acid

57
Q

Neisseria meningitidis

A

Penicillin/ceftriaxone, rifampin (prophylaxis)

58
Q

Osteomalacia/rickets

A

Vitamin D supplementation

59
Q

Osteoporosis

A

Calcium/vitamin D supplementation (prophylaxis); bisphosphonates, PTH analogs, SERMs, calcitonin, denosumab (treatment)

60
Q

PDA

A

Closes with indomethacin

Keep open with PGE analogs

61
Q

Pheochromocytoma

A

alpha-antagonists (phenoxybenzamine)

62
Q

Pneumocystis jirovecii

A

TMP-SMX (prophylaxis and treatment in immunosuppressed pts)

63
Q

Prolactinoma

A

Cabergoline/bromocriptine (DA agonists)

64
Q

Prostate adenocarcinoma/uterine fibroids

A

Leuprolide, GnRH (continuous)

65
Q

Prostate adenocarcinoma

66
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

Antipseudomonal penicillins, aminoglycosides, carbapenems

67
Q

Pulmonary arterial HTN (idiopathic)

A

Sildenafil, bosentan, epoprostenol

68
Q

Rickettsia rickettsii

A

Doxycycline, chloramphenicol

69
Q

Schizophrenia (negative symptoms)

A

Atypical antipsychotics

70
Q

Schizophrenia (positive symptoms)

A

Typical and atypical antipsychotics

71
Q

SIADH

A

Fluid restriction, IV hypertonic saline, conivaptan/tolvaptan, demeclocycline

72
Q

Sickle cell disease

A

Hydroxyurea (increase fetal Hgb)

73
Q

Sporothrix schenckii

A

Itraconazole, oral potassium iodide

74
Q

Stable angina

A

Sublingual nitroglycerin

75
Q

Staphylococcus aureus

A

MSSA: nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin (antistaphylococcal penicillins)
MRSA: vancomycin, daptomycin, linezolid, ceftaroline

76
Q

Streptococcus bovis

A

Penicillin prophylaxis; evaluation for colon cancer if linked to endocarditis

77
Q

Streptococcus pneumoniae

A

Penicillin/cephalosporin (systemic infection, pneumonia), vancomycin (meningitis)

78
Q

Streptococcus pyogenes

A

Penicillin prophylaxis

79
Q

Temporal arteritis

A

High-dose steroids

80
Q

Tonic-clonic seizures

A

Levetiracetam, phenytoin, valproate, carbamazepine

81
Q

Toxoplasma gondii

A

Sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine

82
Q

Treponema pallidum

A

Penicillin

83
Q

Trichomonas vaginalis

A

Metronidazole (pt & partner)

84
Q

Trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux)

A

Carbamazepine

85
Q

Ulcerative colitis

A

5-ASA preparations (mesalamine), 6-mercaptopurine, infliximab, colectomy

86
Q

UTI prophylaxis

87
Q

Warfarin reversal

A

Fresh frozen plasma (acute), vitamin K (non-acute)

88
Q

Absence seizures

A

Ethosuximide

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