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Rapid Review First Aid > Classic/Relevant Treatments > Flashcards

Classic/Relevant Treatments Flashcards

1
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Absence seizures

A

Ethosuximide

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2
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Acute gout attack

A

NSAIDs
Colchicine
Glucocorticoids

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3
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3)

A

All-trans retinoic acid

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4
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

ADHD

A 
Methylphenidate
CBT
Atomoxetine
Guanfacine
Clonidine
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5
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Alcoholism

A

Disulfiram
Acamprosate
Naltrexone
Supportive care

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6
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Alcohol withdrawal

A

Long-acting benzodiazepines

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7
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Anorexia

A

Nutrition
Psychotherapy
Mirtazapine

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8
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue

A

Class IB antiarrhythmic (lidocaine, mexiletine)

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9
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

A

α1-antagonists
5 α-reductase inhibitors
PDE-5 inhibitors

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10
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Bipolar disorder

A

Mood stabilizers (eg. lithium, valproic acid, carbamazepine), atypical antipsychotics

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11
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Breast cancer in postmenopausal women

A

Aromatase inhibitor (anastrozole)

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12
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Buerger disease

A

Smoking cessation

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13
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Bulimia nervosa

A

SSRIs

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14
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Candida albicans

A

Topical azoles (vaginitis)
Nystatin, fluconazole, caspofungin (oral/esophageal)
Fluconazole, caspofungin, amphotericin B (systemic)

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15
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Carcinoid syndrome

A

Octreotide

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16
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Chlamydia trachomatis

A

Doxycycline (+ ceftriaxone for gonorrhea coinfection)

Erythromycin eye drops (prophylaxis in infants)

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17
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Chronic gout

A

Xanthine oxidase inhibitors (eg. allopurinol, febuxostat); pegloticase; probenecid

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18
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Chronic hepatitis B or C

A

IFN-α (HBV and HCV)

Ribavirin, simeprevir, sofosbuvir (HCV)

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19
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Chronic myelogenous leukemia

A

Imatinib

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20
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Clostridium botulinum

A

Antitoxin

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21
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Clostridium difficile

A

Oral metronidazole

If refractory, vancomycin

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22
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Clostridium tetani

A

Antitoxin

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23
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

CMV

A

Ganciclovir, foscarnet, cidofovir

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24
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Crohn disease

A

Corticosteroids, infliximab, azathioprine

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25
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Cryptococcus neoformans

A

Fluconazole (in AIDS patients)

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26
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis

A

Mesna

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27
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Depression

A

SSRIs (first line)

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28
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Diabetes insipidus

A

Desmopressin (central)

HCTZ, indomethacin, amiloride nephrogenic)

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29
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Diabetes mellitus type 1

A

Dietary intervention (low carbohydrate) + insulin replacement

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30
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Diabetes mellitus type 2

A

Dietary intervention, oral hypoglycemics, and insulin (if refractory)

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31
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Diabetic ketoacidosis

A

Fluids, insulin, K+

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32
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Drug of choice for anticoagulation during pregnancy

A

Heparin

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33
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Enterococci

A

Vancomycin, Aminopenicillins/cephalosporins

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34
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Erectile dysfunction

A

Sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil

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35
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

ER ⊕ breast cancer

A

Tamoxifen

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36
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Ethylene glycol/methanol intoxication

A

Fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)

37
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Haemophilus influenzae B

A

Rifampin (prophylaxis)

38
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Generalized anxiety disorder

A

SSRIs, SNRIs (first line)

Buspirone (second line)

39
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener)

A

Cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids

40
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Heparin reversal

A

Protamine sulfate

41
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

HER2/neu ⊕ breast cancer

A

Trastuzamab

42
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Hyperaldosteronism

A

Spironolactone

43
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Hypercholesterolemia

A

Statin (first line)

44
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Hypertriglyceridemia

A

Fibrate

45
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Immediate anticoagulation

A

Heparin

46
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Infertility

A

Leuprolide, GnRH (pulsatile), clomiphene

47
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Influenza

A

Oseltamivir, zanamivir

48
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Kawasaki disease

A

IVIG, high-dose aspirin

49
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Legionella pneumophila

A

Macrolides (eg. azithromycin)

50
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Long-term anticoagulation

A

Warfarin, dapigatran, rivaroxaban, and apixaban

51
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Malaria

A

Chlorquin, mefloquine, atovaquone/proguanil (for blood schizont), primaquine (for liver hypnozoite)

52
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Malignant hyperthermia

A

Dantrolene

53
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Medical abortion

A

Mifepristone

54
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Migraine

A

Abortive therapies (eg. sumatriptan, NSAIDs); prphylaxis (eg. propanolol, topiramate, CCBs, amitriptyline)

55
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Multiple sclerosis

A

Disease-modifying therapies (eg. β-interferon, natalizumab)

For acute flares, use IV steroids

56
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

A

RIPE (rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol)

57
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Nesseria gonorrhoeae

A

Ceftriaxone (add doxycycline to cover likely concurrent C trachomatis)

58
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Neissieria meningitidis

A

Penicillin/ceftriaxone, rifampin (prophylaxis)

59
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Neural tube defect prevention

A

Prenatal folic acid

60
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Osteomalacia/rickets

A

Vitamin D supplementation

61
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Patent ductus arteriosus

A

Close with indomethacin

Keep open with PGE analogs

62
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Pheochromocytoma

A

α-antagonists (eg. phenoxybenzamine)

63
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Pneumocystis jirovecii

A

TMP-SMX (prophylaxis and treatment in immunosuppressed patients)

64
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Prolactinoma

A

Cabergoline/bromocriptine (dopamine agonists)

65
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Prostate adenocarcinoma/uterine fibroids

A

Leuprolide, GnRH (continuous)

66
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Prostate adenocarcinoma

A

Flutamide

67
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Psuedomonas aeruginosa

A

Antipseudomonal penicillins, aminoglycosides, carbapenems

68
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (idiopathic)

A

Sildenafil, bosentan, epoprostenol

69
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Rickettsia rickettsii

A

Doxycycline, chlromaphenicol

70
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Schizophrenia (negative symptoms)

A

Atypical antipsychotics

71
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Schizophrenia (positive symptoms(

A

Typical and atypical antipsychotics

72
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

SIADH

A

Fluid restriction, IV hypertonic saline, conivaptan/tolvaptan, demeclocycline

73
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Sickle cell disease

A

Hydroxyurea (↑ fetal hemoglobin)

74
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Sporothrix schenckii

A

Itraconazole, oral potassium iodide

75
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Stable angina

A

Sublingual nitroglycerin

76
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Staphylcoccus aureus

A

MSSA: nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin (antistaphyloccal penicillins)
MRSA: vancomycin, daptomycin, linezolid, ceftaroline

77
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Streptococcus bovis

A

Penicillin prophylaxis, evaluation for colon cancer if linked to endocarditis

78
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Streptococcus pneumoniae

A

Penicillin/cephalosporin (systemic infection, pneumonia)

Vancomycin (meningitis)

79
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Streptococcus pyogenes

A

Penicillin prophylaxis

80
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Temporal arteritis

A

High-dose steroids

81
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Tonic-clonic seizures

A

Levetiracetam, phenytoin, valproate, carbamazepine

82
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Toxoplasma gondii

A

Sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine

83
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Treponema pallidum

A

Penicillin

84
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Trichomonas vaginalis

A

Metronidazole (patient and partner)

85
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux)

A

Carbamazepine

86
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Ulcerative colitis

A

5-ASA preparations (eg. mesalamine), 6-mercaptopurine, infliximab, colectomy

87
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

UTI prophylaxis

A

TMP-SMX

88
Q

Classic/Relevant Treatments

Warfarin reversal

A 
Fresh frozen plasma (acute)
Vitamin K (non-acute)

Rapid Review First Aid (6 decks)

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