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FA Rapid Review > Classic/Relevant Treatments > Flashcards

Classic/Relevant Treatments Flashcards

1
Q

absence seizures

A

Ethosuximide

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2
Q

acute gout attack

A

NSAID, colchicine, gucocorticoids

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3
Q

acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3)

A

ALL-trans retinoic acid

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4
Q

ADHD

A

methylphenidate, CBT, atomoxetine

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5
Q

alcoholism

A

Disulfiram, acamprosate, naltrexone, supportive care

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6
Q

anorexia

A

nutrition, psychotherapy, mirtazapine

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7
Q

anti-coagulation during pregnancy

A

heparin

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8
Q

arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue

A

class IB anti-arrhythmic (lidocaine, mexiletine)

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9
Q

B12 deficiency

A

vitamin B12 supplementation (work up cause with Schilling test)

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10
Q

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

A

alpha1-antagonists, 5alpha-reductase inhibitors, PDE-5 inhibitors

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11
Q

bipolar disorder

A

mood stabilizers (lithium, valproic acid, carbamazepine), atypical antipsychotics

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12
Q

breast cancer in post-menopausal women

A

aromatase inhibitor (anastrozole)

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13
Q

Buerger disease

A

smoking cessation

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14
Q

bulimia nervosa

A

SSRIs (fluoxetine)

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15
Q

Candida albicans

A

vaginitis: topical azoles
oral/esophageal: nystatin, flucanazole, caspofungin
systemic: flucanazole, caspofungin, amphothericin B

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16
Q

carcinoid syndrome

A

octreotide

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17
Q

chlamydia trachomatis

A

doxycycline (+ ceftriaxone for gonorrhea co-infection), erythromycin eye drops (prophylaxis in infants)

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18
Q

chronic gout

A

xanthine oxidase inhibitors (allopurinol, febuxostat)

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19
Q

chronic hepatitis B or C

A

HBV and HCV: IFN-alpha

HCV: ribavirin, simeprevir, sofosbuvir

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20
Q

chronic myelogenous leukemia

A

Imatinib

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21
Q

clostridium botulinum

A

antitoxin

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22
Q

clostridium difficile

A

oral metronidazole

If refractory: oral vancomycin

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23
Q

clostridium tetani

A

antitoxin

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24
Q

CMV

A

Ganciclovir, foscarnet, cidofovir

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25
Q

Crohn disease

A

corticosteroids, infliximab, azathioprine

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26
Q

cryptococcus neoformans

A

fluconazole (in AIDS patients)

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27
Q

cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis

A

Mesna

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28
Q

depression

A

SSRIs (1st line)

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29
Q

diabetes insipidus

A

Central: desmopressin
Nephrogenis: hydrochlothiazide, indomethacin, amiloride

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30
Q

DM1

A

dietary intervention (low carbs) + insulin replacement

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31
Q

DM2

A

dietary intervention (low carbs) , oral hypoglycemics, and insulin (if refractory)

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32
Q

diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)

A

fluids, insulin, K+

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33
Q

Enterococci

A

vancomycin, aminopenicillins/cephalosporins

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34
Q

erectile dysfunction

A

sidenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil

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35
Q

ER+ breast cancer

36
Q

ethylene glycol/methanol intoxication

A

fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)

37
Q

Haemophilus influenzae (B)

A

Rifampin (prophylaxis)

38
Q

generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)

A

1st line: SSRIs, SNRIs

2nd line: buspirone

39
Q

granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener)

A

cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids

40
Q

heparin reversal

A

protamine sulfate

41
Q

HER2.neu+ breast cancer

A

trastuzumab

42
Q

hyperaldosteronism

A

spironolactone

43
Q

hypercholesterolemia

A

statins (1st line)

44
Q

hypertriglyceridemia

45
Q

immediate anticoagulation

46
Q

infertility

A

leuprolide, GnRH (pulsatile), clomiphene

47
Q

influenza

A

oseltamivir/zanamivir (directly inhibit virion release)

48
Q

Kawasaki disease

A

IVIG, high-dose aspirin

49
Q

Legionella pneumophila

A

Macrolides (e.g. azithromycin)

50
Q

long-term anticoagulation

A

warfarin, dabigatran, rivaroxaban and apixaban

51
Q

malaria

A

for blood schizont: chloroquine, mefloquine, atovaquine,/proguanil
for liver schizont: primaquine

52
Q

malignant hyperthermia

A

dantroline (blocks ryanodine receptors–>prevent calcium release into cytoplasm of skeletal muscles)

53
Q

medical abortion

A

mifepristone

54
Q

Migraine

A

abortive: NSAIDS, Sumatriptan
prophylaxis: propranolol, topiramate, CCBs, amitripthyline

55
Q

multiple sclerosis

A

disease-modifying: beta-interferon, natalizumab

acute flares: IV steroids

56
Q

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

A

RIPE: rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol

57
Q

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

A

ceftriaxone (+ doxycylcine to cover C. trachomatis)

58
Q

neural tube defect prevention

A

prenatal folic acid

59
Q

osteomalacia/rickets

A

vitamin D supplementation

60
Q

osteoporosis

A

prophylaxis: calcium/vit D supplementation
treatment: bisphosphonates, PTH analogs, SERMs, calcitonin, denosumab

61
Q

patent ductus arteriosus

A

Close: indomethacin

Open/maintain: PGE analogs

62
Q

pheochromocytoma

A

alpha-antagonists (e.g. phenoxybenzamine)

63
Q

Pneumocytis jirovecii

A

TMP-SMX for prophylaxis in AIDS patients

64
Q

prolactinoma

A

cabergoline/bromocriptine (dopamine agonists)

65
Q

prostate adenocarcinoma/uterine fibroids

A

leuprolide, leuprolide (continuous)

66
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

antipseudomonal penicillins, aminoglycosides, carbapenems

67
Q

pulmonary arterial hypertension (idiopathic)

A

sildenafil, bosentan, epoprostenol

68
Q

Rickettsia rickettsii

A

doxycline, chloramphenicol

69
Q

schizophrenia (positive symptoms)

A

typical and atypical antipsychotics

70
Q

schizophrenia (negative symptoms)

A

atypical antipsychotics

71
Q

SIADH

A

fluid restriction, IV hypertonic saline, conivaptan/tolvaptan, demeclocycline

72
Q

sickle cell disease

A

hydroxyurea (increases fetal hemoglobin)

73
Q

sporothrix schenckii

A

itraconazole, oral potassium iodide

74
Q

stable angina

A

sublingual nitroglycerin

75
Q

staphylococcus aureus

A

MSSA: nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin (antistaphylococcal penicillins)
MRSA: vancomycin, daptomycin, linezolid, ceftaroline

76
Q

streptococcus bovis

A

penicillin prophylaxis; evaluation for colon cancer if linked to endocarditis

77
Q

streptococcus pneumoniae

A

systemic infection/pneumonia: penicillin/cephalosporin

meningitis: vancomycin

78
Q

streptococcus pyogenes

A

penicillin prophylaxis

79
Q

temporal arteritis

A

high-dose steroids

80
Q

Toxoplasma gondii

A

sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine

81
Q

Treponema pallidum

A

penicillin

82
Q

Trichomonas vaginalis

A

Metronidazole for both patient and partner

83
Q

trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux)

A

carbamezapine

84
Q

ulcerative colitis

A

5-ASA preparations (e.g. mesalamine), 6-mercaptopurine, infliximab, colectomy

85
Q

UTI prophylaxis

86
Q

warfarin reversal

A

Immediate/acute: fresh frozen plasma

chronic: vitamin K

FA Rapid Review (4 decks)

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