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First Aid > Classic/Relevant Treatments > Flashcards

Classic/Relevant Treatments Flashcards

1
Q

Absence seizures

A

Ethosuxamide

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2
Q

Acute gout attack

A

NSAIDs, colchicine, glucocorticoids (NOT allopurinol)

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3
Q

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3)

A

All-trans retinoic acid

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4
Q

ADHD

A

Methylphenidate, CBT, atomoxetine

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5
Q

Alcoholism

A

Disulfiram, acamprosate, naltrexone, supportive care

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6
Q

ETOH withdrawal

A

Benzos

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7
Q

Anorexia

A

Nutrition, psychotherapy, mirtazepine

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8
Q

Anticoagulation during pregnancy

A

Heparin (higher water solubility)

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9
Q

Arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue

A

Class IB anti-arrhythmic (lidocaine, mexiletine)

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10
Q

B12 deficiency

A

Vitamin B12 supplementation (work-up cause wiwth Schilling test)

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11
Q

BPH

A

alpha-1 antagonists, 5-alpha reductase inhibitors, PDE-5 inhibitors

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12
Q

Bipolar disorder

A

Mood stabilizers (lithium, VPA, carbamazepine), atypical antipsychotics

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13
Q

Breast cancer in post menopausal women

A

Aromatase inhibitors (anastrozole)

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14
Q

Buerger disease

A

Smoking cessation

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15
Q

Bulimia nervosa

A

SSRIs

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16
Q

Candida albicans

A

Topical azoles (vaginitis); nystatin, fluconazole, caspofungin (oral/esophageal); fluconazole, caspofungin, amphotericin B (systemic)

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17
Q

Carcinoid syndrome

A

Octreotide

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18
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis

A

Doxycyclin/azithromycin (+ ceftriazone for gonorrhea coinfection), erythromycin eye drops (PPx for infants)

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19
Q

Chronic gout

A

XO inhibitors (e.g. allopurinol, febuxostat)

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20
Q

Chronic hepatitis B/C

A

IFN-alpha (HBV and HCV); ribavirin, simeprevir, sofosbuvir (HCV)

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21
Q

CML

A

Imatinib

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22
Q

Clostridium botulinum

A

Antitoxin

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23
Q

C. difficile

A

Oral metronidazole; if refractor, oral vancomycin

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24
Q

C. tetani

A

Antitoxin

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25
Q

CMV

A

Ganicyclovir, foscarnet, cidofovir

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26
Q

Crohn disease

A

Corticosteroids, infliximab, azathioprine

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27
Q

Cryptococus neoformans

A

Fluconazole (in AIDS patients)

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28
Q

Cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis

A

Mesna

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29
Q

Depression

A

SSRIs (first-line), SNRIs, atypicals, TCAs, MAOIs

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30
Q

Diabetes insipidus

A

Desmopression (central); HCTZ, indomethacin, amiloride (nephrogenic)

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31
Q

DM type 1

A

Dietary intervention (low carbohydrate) + insulin replacement

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32
Q

DM type 2

A

Dietary intervention, oral hypoglycemics, and insulin (if refractory)

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33
Q

DKA

A

Fluis, insulin, K+

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34
Q

Enterococci

A

Vancomycin, aminopenicillins, cephalosporins

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35
Q

Erectile dysfunction

A

SIldenafil, taldalafil, vardenafil

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36
Q

ER+ breast cancer

A

Tamoxifen

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37
Q

Ethylene glycol/methanol intoxication

A

Fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)

38
Q

Haemophilus influenzae (B)

A

Rifampin (prophylazis)

39
Q

Generalized anxiety disorder

A

SSRIs, SNRIs (first-line), buspirone (second line)

40
Q

Granulomatosis wiht polyangiitis (Wegener)

A

Cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids

41
Q

Heparin reversal

A

Protamine sulfate

42
Q

HER2/neu+ breast cancer

A

Herceptin (Trastuzumab)

43
Q

Hyperaldosterone

A

Spironolactone

44
Q

Hypercholesterolemia

A

Statins (first-line)

45
Q

Hypertriglyceridemia

A

Fibrate

46
Q

Immediate anticoagulation

A

Heparin

47
Q

Infertility

A

Leuprolide, GnRH (pulsatile), clomiphene

48
Q

Influenza

A

Oseltamivir, zanamivir

49
Q

Kawasaki disease

A

IVIG, high-dose ASA

50
Q

LEgionella pneumophila

A

Macrolides (e.g. azithromycin)

51
Q

Long-term anticoagulation

A

Warfarin, dabigatran (thrombin inhibitor), rivaroxaban (Xa inhibitor), apixaban (Xa inhibitor)

52
Q

Malaria

A

Chloroquine, mefloquine, atovaquone/proguanil (for blood schizont), primaquine (for liver hypnozoite)

53
Q

Malignant hyperthermia

A

Dantrolene

54
Q

Medical abortion

A

Mifepristone

55
Q

Migraine

A

Abortive therapies (e.g. sumitriptan, NSAIDs); prophylaxis (e.g. propranolol, topiramate, CCBs, amitryptaline)

56
Q

Multiple sclerosis

A

Disease-modifying therapies (e.g. beta-IFN, natalizumab); for acute flares, use IV steroids

57
Q

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

A

RIPE (rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol)

58
Q

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

A

Ceftriazone (add doxycycline to cover likely concurrent C. trachomatis)

59
Q

Neisseria meningitidis

A

PCN/ceftriaxone, rifampin (PPx)

60
Q

Neural tube defect prevention

A

Prenatal folic acid

61
Q

Osteomalacia/rickets

A

Vitamin D supplementation

62
Q

Osteoporosis

A

Calcium/vitamin D supplementation (PPx); bisphosphonates, PTH analogues, SERMs, calcitonin, denosumab (treatment)

63
Q

Patent ductus arteriosus

A

Close with indomethacin, open/maintain with PGE analogues

64
Q

Pheochromocytoma

A

Alpha antagonists (e.g. phenoxybenzamine)

65
Q

PCP

A

TMP-SMX (PPx in AIDS patients)

66
Q

Prolactinoma

A

Cabergoline/bromocriptine (DA agonists)

67
Q

Prostate adenocarcinoma/uterine fibroids

A

Leuprolide, GnRH (continuous)

68
Q

Prostate adenocarcinoma

A

Flutamide

69
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

Antipseudomonal PCNs, aminoglycosides, carbapenems

70
Q

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (idiopathic

A

Sildenafil, bosentan, epoprostenol

71
Q

Rickettsia rickettsii

A

Doxycycline, chloramphenicol

72
Q

Schizophrenia (negative symptoms)

A

Atypical antipsychotics

73
Q

Schizophrenia (positive symptoms)

A

Typical and atypical antipsychotics

74
Q

SIADH

A

Fluid restriction, IV hypertonic saline, conivaptan/tolvaptan, demeclocycline

75
Q

Sickle cell disease

A

Hydroxyurea (increases HgbF)

76
Q

Sporothrix schenckii

A

Itraconazole, oral potassium iodide

77
Q

Stable angina

A

Sublingual nitrogen

78
Q

Staphlococcus aureus

A

MSSA: nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin (antistaphlococcal PCNs); MRSA: vancomycin, daptomycin, linezoline, ceftaroline

79
Q

Streptococcus bovis

A

PCN ppx, evaluation for colon cancer if linked to endocarditis

80
Q

Streptococcus pneumoniae

A

PCN/cephalosporin (systemic infection, pneumonia), vancomycin (meningitis)

81
Q

Streptococcus pyogenes

A

PCN ppx

82
Q

Temporal arteritis

A

High dose steroids

83
Q

Tonic-clonic seizures

A

Levetiracetam, phenytoin, VPA, carbamazepine

84
Q

Toxoplasma gondii

A

Sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine

85
Q

Treponema pallidum

A

PCN G

86
Q

Trichomonas vaginalis

A

Metronidazole (Pt and partner)

87
Q

Trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux)

A

Carbamazepine

88
Q

Ulcerative colitis

A

5-ASA preparations (e.g. mesalamine), 6-mercaptopurine, infliximab, colectomy

89
Q

UTI ppx

A

TMP-SMX

90
Q

Warfarin reversal

A

FFP (acute), vitamin K (chronic)

91
Q

Prevention of post-surgical infection

A

Cefazolin (ancef)

First Aid (5 decks)

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