Classic/Relevant Treatments Flashcards by Ben Rome

Absence Seizures

Ethozuximide

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Acute gout attack

NSAIDs, colchicine

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APML (M3)

All trans retinoic acid

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ADHD

methylphenidate, amphetamines

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Alcohol use disorder

AA + disulfiram, naltrexone or acaprasote, AA for family members

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Anorexia

nutrition, psyhotherapy

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anticoagulation during pregnancy

heparin

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arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue

Class IB
lidocaine
mexiletine
tocainide

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B12 deficiency

Vitamin B12 supplementations (work up with Schilling)

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BPH

Tamsulosin (alpha 1 blocker, selective for prostate and not blood vessels, aka Flomax)

Finasteride (5alpha reductase inhibitor)

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Bipolar disorder

Lithium
Valproate
Carbamazepine
Lamotrigine 
(all mood stabilizers)

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Breast cancer in post-menopausal women

aromatase inhibitor: anastrozole

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Buerger disease

smoking cessation

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Bulemia nervosa

SSRIs

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Candida

if systemic: Amphotericin B (makes pores in ergosterol)

if oral thrush: nystatin
(same mechanism as Ampho, but v. toxic so can only use topically)

if vaginitis: azoles
(block conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol)

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Carcinoid

Octreotide

somatostatin analog

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Chlamydia trachomatis

Doxycycline (+ ceftriaxone for gonorrhea co infection)

Erythromycin eye drops (prophylaxis in infants)

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Chronic gout

probenecid
(block uric acid reabsorption in kidney by saturating acid receptors)

Allopurinol or Febuxostat
(block xanthine oxidase)

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Chronic Hepatitis

IFN-alpha

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CML

Imatinib (Gleevec)

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Clostridium botulinum

antitoxin

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Clostridium difficile

oral metronidazole

vancomycin (if refractory to metronidazole)

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C. tetani

antitoxin + vaccine booster + diazepam

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CMV

Ganciclovir (guanosine analog)

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Chron's

Corticosteroids Infliximab (anti-TNF) methotrexate azathioprine

Cryptococcus neoformans

Fluconazole (prophylaxis in AIDS patients)

Cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis

Mesna

Depression

SSRIs (first line)

Diabetes insipidus

Central: DDAVP (desmopressin) Nephrogenic: HCTZ, indomethacin, amiloride

Type 1 diabetes

dietary intervention (low sugar) +insulin replacement

Type 2 diabetes

Dietary intervention | oral hypoglycemics and insulin therapy if refractory

Diabetic Ketoacidosis

Fluids Insulin K+

Enterococcus

Vanco/ampicillin + aminoglycoside *one way to remember this is that there are VRE (vanco resistant enterococci, treat with linezolid)

Erectile dysfunction

sildenafil, vardenfail

estrogen receptor positive breast cancer

Tamoxifen

ethylene glycol/methanol intoxication

Fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)

HiB

Rifamin (prophylaxis) *this is the drug that turns your pee red

Generalized anxiety disorder

Buspirone

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener's)

Cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids

Heparin toxicity (acute)

protamine sulfate

Her2/neu positive breast cancer

Trastuzumab

Hyperaldosteronism

spironolactone

hypercholesterolemia

statin (first line)

Hypertriglyceridemia

fibrate

Immediate anticoagulation

Heparin

Infertility

Leuprolide (GnRH analog) GnRH (pulsatile) clomiphene (SERM)(blocks estrogen neg feedback)

Flu

Rimantidine (blocks viral uncoating) | Oseltamivir (block neuraminidase/viral release)

Legionella pneumophilia

Erythromycin

Long-term anticoagulation

Warfarin

Malaria

Cloroquine/mefloquine (for blood schizont) | Primaquine (for liver hypnozoite)

Malignant hyperthermia

Dantrolene

medical abortion

mifepristone | progesterone receptor blocker

Migraine

Sumatriptan | 5HT 1B/1D agonist

MRSA

vanomycin

``` Beta-interferon immunosuppresion natalizumab (binds to integrins, also used in Crohn's) ```

M. Tuberculosis

RIPE - Rifampin - INH - Pyrazinamide - Ethambutol

N. Gonorrhea

Ceftriaxone | add Doxycycline to cover likely concurrent Chlamydia

N. Meningitidis

Penicillin/Ceftriaxone | Rifampin (prophylaxis)

Neural tube defect prevention

prenatal folic acid

Osteomalacia/Rickets

Vit D supplementation

Osteoporosis

Bisphosphonates | Ca2+ and Vit D supplementation

Patent ductus arteriosus

Indomethacin (COX inhibitor)

Pheochromocytomas

alpha antagonists (ex. phenoxybenzamine)

Pneumocystis jirovecii

TMP-SMX (bactrim) | prophylaxis in AIDS patients

Prolactinoma

Bromocriptine (dopamine agonist)

Prostate cancer / uterine fibroids

Leuprolide | GnRH (continuous)

Prostate carcinoma

Flutamide | androgen receptor blocker

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Antipseudomonal penicillin (ex. Piperacillin/Tazobactam) + aminoglycoside

Pulmonary arterial HTN (idiopathic)

Sildenafil
Bosentan (antagonist at endothelin-1 receptors) Epoprostenol (PGI2 analog--> vasodilation)

Rickettsia Ricketsii

Doxycycline | Chloramphenicol (associated with aplastic anemia)

Ringworm

terbinafine griseofulvin imidazole

Schizophrenia (neg symptoms)

5-HT 2A antagonists (2nd gen antipsychotics (aka atypicals): Olanzapine, Clozapine, etc.

Schizophrenia (pos symptoms)

D2 receptor antagonists | 1st and 2nd gen antipsychotics

SIADH

Demeclocycline lithium vasopressin receptor antagonists

Sickle cell

hydroxyurea (increase fetal Hb)

Sporothrix Schenckii

Oral potassium iodide

Stable angina

sublingual nitroglycerin

Staph Aureus

MSSA: nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin (antistaph penicillins) MRSA: vanco

Strep Bovis

Penicillin prophylaxis, evaluation for colon cancer if linked to endocarditis

Strep pneumo

Penicillin/cephalosporin for systemic infection/pneumonia Vancomycin for meningitis

Strep pyogenes

penicillin prophylaxis

Temporal arteritis

high dose steroids

Tonic-clonic seizures

phenytoin valproic acid carbamazepine

T. Gondii

Sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine

T. Pallidum

Penicillin

Trichomonas vaginalis

Metronidazole (for patient and partner!)

Trigeminal neuraligia (tic douloureux)

Carbamazepine

Ulcerative colitis

5-ASA infliximab colectomy

UTI prophylaxis

TMP-SMX

Warfarin toxicity

``` fresh frozen plasma (acute) vitamin K (chronic) ```