Classic Presentations I Flashcards

1
Q

Abdominal pain, ascites, hepatomegaly

A

Budd Chiari syndrome (posthepatic venous thrombosis)

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2
Q

Abdominal pain, diarrhea, leukocytosis, recent antibiotic use

A

C. diff infection

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3
Q

Achilles tendon xanthoma

A

Familial hypercholesterolemia (decreased LDL receptor signaling)

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4
Q

Adrenal hemorrhage, hypotension, DIC

A

Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome (meningococcemia)

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5
Q

Anaphylaxis following blood transfusion

A

IgA deficiency

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6
Q

Anterior drawer sign positive

A

ACL injury

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7
Q

Arachnodactyly, lens dislocation, aortic dissection, hyperflexible joints

A

Marfan syndrome (fibrillin defect)

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8
Q

Athlete with polycythemia

A

Secondary to erythropoietin injection

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9
Q

Back pain, fever, night sweats

A

Pott Disease (Vertebral TB)

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10
Q

Bilateral acoustic schwannomas

A

Neurofibromatosis type 2

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11
Q

Bilateral hilar adenopathy, uveitis

A

Sarcoidosis (noncaseating granulomas)

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12
Q

Black eschar on face of patinet with diabetic ketoacidosis

A

Mucor or Rhizopus fungal infection

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13
Q

Blue sclera

A

Osteogenesis imperfecta (type I collagen defect)

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14
Q

Bluish line on gingiva

A

Burton line (lead poisoning)

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15
Q

Bone pain, bone enlargement, arthritis

A

Paget disease of bone (increased osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity)

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16
Q

Bounding pulses, diastolic heart murmur, head bobbing

A

Aortic regurgitation

17
Q

Butterfly facial rash and Raynaud phenomenon in a young female

A

SLE

18
Q

Cafe-au-lait spots, Lisch nodules (iris hamartoma), cutaneous neurofibromas, pheochromocytomas, optic gliomas

A

Neurofibromatosis type I, Pheochromocytoma, optic gliomas

19
Q

Calf pseudohypertrophy

A

Muscular dystrophy (Most commonly Duchenne, due to X linked recessive frameshift mutation of dystrophin gene)

20
Q

Cervical lymphadenopathy, desquamating rash, coronary aneurysms, red conjunctivae and tongue

A

Kawasaki disease (treat with IVIG and aspirin)

21
Q

Chest pain on exertion

A

Angina (stable: With moderate exertion; unstable: with minimal exertion or at rest)

22
Q

Chest pain, pericardial effusion/friction rub, persistent fever following MI

A

Dressler syndrome (autoimmune mediated post-MI fibrinous pericarditis, 2-12 weeks after acute episode)

23
Q

Chest pain with ST depressions on EKG

A

Unstable angina (troponins neg) or NSTEMI (Troponins pos)

24
Q

Child uses arms to stand up from squat

A

Gowers sign (Duchenne muscular dystrophy)

25
Q

Child with fever later develops red rash on face that spreads to the rest of the body

A

“Slapped cheeks” (erythema infectiosum/fifth disease: Parvovirus B19)

26
Q

Chorea, dementia, caudate degenration

A

Huntington disease (autosomal dominant CAG repeat expansion)

27
Q

Chorioretinitis, hydrocephalus, intracranial calcifications

A

Congenital toxoplasmosis