Classic Labs/Findings III Flashcards

1
Q

Low serum ceruloplasmin

A

Wilson disease (hepatolenticular degenration)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

“Lumpy bumpy” appearance of glomeruli on immunofluorescence

A

Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (due to deposition of IgG, IgM, and C3)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Lytic (“punched out”) bone lesions on x-ray

A

Multiple myeloma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Mammary gland (“blue domed”) cyst

A

Fibrocystic change of the breast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Monoclonal antibody spike

A
Multiple myeloma (usually IgG or IgA)
Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (consequence of aging)
Waldenstrom (M protein = IgM) macroglobulinemia
Primary amyloidosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Mucin-filled cell with peripheral nucleus

A

“Signet ring” (gastric carcinoma)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Narrowing of bowel lumen on barium X-ray

A

“String sign” (Crohn’s disease)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Nodular hyaline deposits in glomeruli

A

Kimmelsteil-Wilson nodules (diabetic nephropathy)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Necrotizing vasculitis (lungs) and necrotising glomerulonephritis

A
Granulomatous with polyangiitis (Wegener, Pr3-ANCA and c-ANCA)
Goodpasture syndrome (anti-basement membrane antibodies)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Needle-shaped, negatively birefringent crystals

A

Gout (monosodium urate crystals)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Novobiocin response

A

Sensitive: Staph epidermidis
Resistant: Staph saprophyticus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Nutmeg appearance of liver

A

Chronic passive congestion of liver due to right heart failure or Budd Chiari syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Optochin response

A

Sensitive: Strep pneumoniae
Resistant: Strep viridans (mutans, sanguis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Onion skin periosteal reaction

A

Ewing sarcoma (malignant small blue cell tumor)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Periosteum raised from bone, creating triangular area

A

Codman triangle on x-ray, Ewing sarcoma, pyogenic osteomyelitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Podocyte fusion or effacement on electron microscopy

A

Minimal change disease (child with nephrotic syndrome)

17
Q

Polished, ivory-like appearance of bone at cartilage erosion

A

Eburnation (osteoarthritis resulting in bony sclerosis)

18
Q

Protein aggregates in neurons from hyperphosphrylation of tau protein

A

Neurofibrillary tangles (Alzheimer disease) and Pick bodies (Pick disease)

19
Q

Psammomma bodies

A

Meningiomas
Papillary thyroid carcinoma
Mesothelioma
Papillary serous carcinoma of endometrium and ovary

20
Q

Pseudopalisading tumor cells on brain biopsy

A

Glioblastoma multiforme

21
Q

RBC casts in urine

A

Glomerulonephritis

22
Q

Rectangular crystal-like, cytoplasmic inclusions in Leydig Cells

A

Reinke crystals (Leydig cell tumor)

23
Q

Recurrent infections, eczema, thrombocytopenia

A

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome

24
Q

Renal epithelial casts in urine

A

Intrinsic renal failure (e.g., ischemia or toxic injury)

25
Q

Rhomboid crystals, positively birefringent

A

Pseudogout (calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals)

26
Q

Rib notching

A

Coarctation of the aorta

27
Q

Ring-enhancing brain lesions in AIDS

A

Toxoplasma gondii, CNS lymphoma

28
Q

Sheets of medium-sized lymphoid cells with scattered pale, tingible body-laden macrophages (“starry sky” histology)

A

Burkitt lymphoma (t[8,14] c-myc activation associated with EBV; “starry sky” made up of malignant cells)

29
Q

Silver-staining spherical aggregation of tau proteins in neurons

A

Pick bodies (Pick disease: progressive dementia, changes in personality