Classic Labs/Findings Flashcards
Anticentromere antibodies
Scleroderma (CREST)
Anti-desmoglein (epithelial) antibodies
Pemphigus vulgaris (blistering)
Anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies
Goodpasture syndrome (glomerulonephritis and hemoptysis)
Antihistone antibodies
Druge induced SLE (hydralazine, isoniazid, phenytoin, procainamide)
Anti-IgG antibodies
Rheumatoid arthritis (systemic inflammation, joint pannus, boutonniere deformity)
Antimitochondrial antibodies
1° biliary cirrhosis (female, cholestasis, portal hypertension)
Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs)
Microscopic polyangiitis and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Churg-Strauss syndrome) (MPO-ANCA/p-ANCA)
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener; PR3-ANCA/c-ANCA)
Antinuclear antibodies (ANAs: anti-Smith and anti-dsDNA)
SLE (type III hypersensitivity)
Antiplatelet antibodies
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
Anti-topoisomerase antibodies
Diffuse systemic Scleroderma
Anti-transglutaminase/anti-gliadin/anti-endomysial antibodies
Celiac disease (diarrhea, weight loss)
“Apple core” lesion on barium enema x-ray
colorectal cancer (usually left-sided)
Atypical lymphocytes
EBV
Azurophilic peroxidase +, granular inclusions in granulocytes and myeloblasts
Auer rods (AML, especially promyelocytic M3 type)
Bacitracin response
Sensitive: S. pyogenes (group A)
Resistant: S. agalactiae (Group B)
Bamboo spine on X-ray
Ankylosing spondylitis (chronic inflammatory arthritis HLA-B27)
Basophilic nuclear remnants in RBC’s
Howell-Jolly bodies (splenectomy or non-functional spleen)
Basophilic stippling of RBC’s
Lead poisoning or sideroblastic anemia
Bloody or yellow tap on lumbar puncture
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Boot-shaped heart on X-ray
Tetralogy of Fallot (due to RVH)
Branching gram-positive rods with sulfure granules
Actinomyces israelii
Bronchogenic apical lung tumor on imaging
Pancoast tumor (can compress sympathetic chain and cause Horner syndrome)
“Brown” tumor of bone
Hyperparathyroidism or osteitis fibrosa cystica (deposited hemosiderin from hemorrhage gives brown color)
Cardiomegaly with apical atrophy
Chagas disease (Trypanosoma cruzi)
Cellular crescents around Bowman capsule
Rapidly progressive crescentic glomerulonephritis
Chocolate cyst of ovary
Endometriosis (frequently both ovaries)
Circular grouping of dark tumor cells surrounding pale neurofibrils
Homer-Wright rosettes (neuroblastoma, medulloblastoma)
Colonies of mucoid Pseudomonas in lungs
Cystic fibrosis (Autosomal recessive CFTR mutation –>fat soluble vitamin deficiency and mucous plugs)
Decreased AFP in amniotic fluid/maternal serum
Down syndrome or other chromosomal abnormalities
Degeneration of dorsal column fibers
Tabes dorsalis (3° syphilis), subacute combined degeneration (dorsal columns, lateral corticospinal, spinocerebellar tracts affected)
“Delta wave” on EKG, short PR interval, supraventricular tachycardia
Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome (Bundle of Kent bypasses AV node)
Depigmentation of neurons in substantia nigra
Parkinson disease (basal ganglia disorder: rigidity, resting tremor, bradykinesia)
Desquamated epithelium casts in sputum
Curschmann spirals (bronchial asthma, can result in whorled mucous plugs)
Disarrayed granulosa cells arranged around collections of eosinophilic fluid
Call-Exner bodies (granulosa cell tumor of the ovary)
Dysplastic squamous cervical cells with “raisinoid” nuclei and hyperchromasia?
Koilocytes (HPV: predisposes to cervical cancer)
