Classic Labs/Findings Flashcards
Findings:
Anticentromere antibodies.
Diagnosis?
Scleroderma (CREST)
Findings:
Anti-desmoglein (epithelial) antibodies.
Diagnosis?
Pemphigus vulgaris (blistering)
Findings:
Anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies.
Diagnosis?
Goodpasture syndrome (glomerulonephritis and hemoptysis)
Findings:
Anti-histone antibodies.
Diagnosis?
Drug-induced SLE (e.g. hydralazine, isoniazid, phenytoin, procainamide)
Findings:
Anti-IgG antibodies.
Diagnosis?
Rheumatoid arthritis (systemic inflammation, joint pannus, boutonniere deformity)
Findings:
Anti-mitochondrial antibodies (AMAs).
Diagnosis?
Primary biliary cirrhosis (female, cholestasis, portal hypertension)
Findings:
Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs).
Diagnosis?
p-ANCA:
- Microscopic polyangiitis
- Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Churg-Strauss syndrome)
c-ANCA:
* Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener syndrome)
Findings: Antinuclear antibodies (ANAs: anti-Smith and anti-dsDNA).
Diagnosis?
SLE (type III hypersensitivity)
Findings:
Antiplatelet antibodies.
Diagnosis?
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
Findings:
Anti-topoisomerase antibodies.
Diagnosis?
Diffuse systemic scleroderma
Findings:
Anti-transglutaminase, anti-gliadin, anti-endomysial antibodies.
Diagnosis?
Celiac disease (diarrhea, weight loss)
Findings:
“Apple core” lesion on barium enema x-ray.
Diagnosis?
Colorectal cancer (usually L-sided)
Findings:
Atypical lymphocytes.
Diagnosis?
EBV
Findings:
Azurophilic peroxidase positive granular inclusions in granulocytes and myeloblasts.
Diagnosis?
Auer rods (AML, especially the M3 [promyelocytic] type)
Findings:
Bacitracin response.
Diagnosis?
Sensitive: S. pyogenes (group A)
Resistant: S. agalactiae (group B)
Findings:
“Bamboo spine” on x-ray.
Diagnosis?
Ankylosing spondylitis (chronic inflammatory arthritis; HLA-B27)
Findings:
Basophilic nuclear remnants in RBCs.
Diagnosis?
Howell-Jolly bodies (due to splenectomy or nonfunctional spleen)
Findings:
Basophilic stippling of RBCs.
Diagnosis?
Lead poisoning or sideroblastic anemia
Findings:
Bloody or yellow tap on lumbar puncture.
Diagnosis?
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Findings:
“Boot-shaped” heart on x-ray.
Diagnosis?
Tetralogy of Fallot (due to RVH)
Findings:
Branching gram-positive rods with sulfur granules.
Diagnosis?
Actinomyces israelii
Findings:
Bronchogenic apical lung tumor on imaging.
Diagnosis?
Pancoast tumor (can compress cervical sympathetic chain and cause Horner syndrome)
Findings:
“Brown” tumor of bone.
Diagnosis?
Hyperparathyroidism or osteitis fibrosa cystica (deposited hemosiderin from hemorrhage gives brown color)
Findings:
Cardiomegaly with apical atrophy.
Diagnosis?
Chugs disease (Trypanosoma cruzi infection)
