class test

Question 1

what does TLR2 recognise?

Answer 1

bacterial cell wall component lipoteichioic acid (LTA) in gram positive bacteria

Question 2

what does TLR3 recognise?

Answer 2

viral RNA

Question 3

what does TLR4 recognise?

Answer 3

lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in gram negative bacteria

Question 4

what does TLR5 recognise?

Answer 4

flagellin, a protein from the flagellum

Question 5

what does TLR9 recognise?

Answer 5

CpG motifs in viral and bacterial DNA

Question 6

What activates the classical pathway?

Answer 6

Antigen-antibody complexes

Question 7

What activates the lectin pathway?

Answer 7

Lectin binding to pathogen surfaces

Question 8

What activates the alternative pathway?

Answer 8

Pathogen surfaces

Question 9

What 3 things does compliment activation result in?

Answer 9

Recruitment of inflammatory cells
Opsonisation of pathogens
Killing of pathogens

Question 10

What is the action of Beta-lactams and give 1 example

Answer 10

Inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis
Penicillin

Question 11

What is the action of Lincosamides and give 1 example

Answer 11

Inhibit bacterial protein synthesis
Clindamycin

Question 12

What is the action of Nitromidazoles and give 1 example

Answer 12

Inhibit bacterial nucleic acid synthesis
Metronidazole

Question 13

What is the action of Polymyxins

Answer 13

Inhibit bacterial cytoplasm membrane function

Question 14

What is the action of Aciclovir

Answer 14

Phosphorylation by viral thymidine kinase inhibits DNA polymerase enzyme and DNA chain synthesis

Question 15

What is the action of Polyenes and give 2 examples

Answer 15

Bind to sterols in fungal cell wall causing cell leakage
Nystatin
Amphotericin B

Question 16

What is the action of Azoles and give 1 example

Answer 16

Interfere with synthesis of ergosterol in fungal cell membrane
Fluconazole