Class Notes Flashcards
Habituation
Decrease in the strength of an elicited behavior following repeated presentations of the eliciting stimulus
-getting used to hearing the dump truck at 3am
Two types of habituation?
1) long term habituation
- takes longer to get used to, but it lasts longer
2) short term habituation
- occurs in a shorter time and lasts a shorter time
- clicking pen noise in a class
S-R system
(Stimulus response system)
Afferent-
Interneuron-
Efferent-
Receptor region responding directly to a stimulus (sound, touch, smell, vision)
Afferent neuron
- conveys the stimulus toward the CNS
- a synapse where the afferent path meets the efferent path
Efferent neuron
-conveying stimuli from the CNS and an effector (muscle gland, gland or neurosecretory cell)
Sensitization
The opposite of habituation
Increase in the strength of an elicited behavior
-nervous system activated, scared
Child who is bullies verbally regularly might develop sensitization of fear toward other children and become more withdrawn
State system
Part of the nervous system, except reflex arc
All neural processes that are not a part of SR (stimulus response)
Sympathetic arousal neural excitability
Factors that affect response to stimuli
(5) TIF-CD
1) change in stimulus
2) time-out from stimulus
3) frequency of stimulus
4) intensity of stimulus
5) Dishabituation
Dishabituation
Habituation goes away
Recovery of a habituation response as a result of the presentation of a sensitizing stimulus
- turn lights on and off, notice noises you had previously gotten used to
- hear every noise in your house after watching a scary movie
Are habituation and sensitization a form of learning?
Yes!
Opponent process
Two competing processes?
Emotional event elicits 2 competing processes
A state and B state
Event happens… GRE, roller coaster
A-state?
B-state?
A-state initial affective reaction (anxiety/stress)
B-state opposite affective reaction (relief/relaxed when exam is over)
A- terror
B- relief
A state is initially strong but diminishes (similar to habituation)
B state is initially weaker but intensifies (similar to sensitization)
You habituate and want more thrill (daredevils)
A and b state with alcohol addiction and then parachuting
A- relaxation, pleasure
B- withdrawal
Addiction= b state is aversive so the organism tries to repeat it back
Parachuting…
A- anxiety/fear
B- relief
Addiction= exposure to aversive a state to get to the b state
Tolerance
Habituation to a stimulus that had produced a positive state
May require increased amount of stimulation to achieve the positive state
Opiate use
A&B state
A- intense “rush” pleasurable
B- nausea, insomnia, irritability, anxiety, anorexia
A= less intensive rush, B= stronger withdraw A= mild pleasure, B= intense withdraw
**judging scientific theory (GAS-FF)
1) F………….
2) s………
3) g………
4) f………..
5) a…….. With d…
1) falsifiability
- can you test it?
- can it be proven wrong
2) simplicity
- when we’re trying to explain, we tend to go for the simpler explanation
- we look at the lower-level explanation
- “the dog danced because it gets a treat”
3) generality
- will it apply to multiple situations or just one?
4) fruitfulness
- produce more research questions
5) agreement with data
- go with what agrees with the data
Other than learning, what can result in a change in behavior?
(4)
1) maturation/physical ability
- change in physical state
2) fatigue
- know how but you’re too tired
3) stimulus change
- situation causes different behavior
4) motivation
- can make you more or less likely to do something
