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class notes Flashcards

1
Q

How will the tibia move during PF and DF in a closed chain?

A
  1. tibia follows the contours of the talus
  2. therefore it IR and glides anteriorly during DF
  3. therefore it ER and glides posteriorly during PF
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2
Q

What motions are often overlooked with talocural joint mobility and motion assessment?

A
  1. it is a triplanar joint so there are also inv/evr and add/abd
  2. there is also a slight medial and lateral glide
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3
Q

How does decreased DF with squating impact the kinematic chain?

A
  1. increased knee vlagus
  2. decreased quad activation
  3. increase soleus activation
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4
Q

how does the distal fibula move in open chain?

A
  1. supination-glides distal and posterior
  2. pronation- glides proximal, anterior and ER
  3. PF- glides distal and slight IR
  4. DF- glides proximal with slight ER, and separation of the tib/fib joint
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5
Q

How are the facets surfaces of the calcaneous shaped?

A
  1. 2-3 facets forming a planar joint
  2. anterior and middel are biconcave
  3. posterior facet is cone shaped
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6
Q

How do pronation and supination chain with weight bearing?

A
  1. pronation- CC elemets of PF and OC elements of DF

2. supination- CC elements of DF, OC element of PF

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7
Q

How doe the bone of the rear and midfoot move during pronation?

A
  1. anterior tip of calcaneous move laterally
  2. talar head ADD adn PF
  3. navicular glides superiorly on talus and ER
  4. cubid glides laterally and superiorly
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8
Q

What bone of the foot has a similar problem to the scaphoid and why?

A

talus, it has no muscular attachments so it blood supply is entirely through ligamentous connections

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9
Q

What is the function of the interosseous talocalcaneal ligament?

A

keeps the joint from separating and creates a screw down rotation

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10
Q

Were will you find the interosseous talocalacneal ligament?

A

between the anterior and middle facets

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11
Q

What impact does a plantar flexed first ray have on the mechanical chain?

A
  1. it restricts IR of the tibia
  2. it restrict calcaneal eversion
  3. prevents pronation and shock attenuation
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12
Q

Where will a PF first ray cause a calus?

A

under the first met head

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13
Q

What muscle stabilizes the first ray?

A

peroneus longus

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14
Q

What is the sygnergistic relationship between extesnion of the hallux and first ray plantar flexion?

A
  1. 65 degrees of hallux is ext is required for gait
  2. firt 20 degrees of extension is without plantar flexion of the first ray
  3. after 20 degrees there is a 1:3 movement of the first ray PF to hallux DF
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15
Q

what impact will a hypermobile first ray have?

A
  1. decreased hallus extesnion
  2. can contribute to hallux adductus
  3. metarsal stress fracutres
  4. unlcerations under the central foot
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16
Q

What is typically injured with an inversion sprain?

A
  1. ATFL if ankle is PF
  2. CFL in neutral
  3. secondary PTFL
  4. avulsion fracture of the distal fibula
17
Q

What effects can excessive pronation have on the kinetic chain?

A
  1. excessive tibial IR
  2. delayed ER of the tibia with running
  3. everted rear foot
  4. valgus knee position can force patella laterally
  5. anterior pelvic tilt
  6. contralateral lumbar side bend
  7. functional leg length shortening
18
Q

How would you identify leg length impact on the lumbar spine posture?

A
  1. check the posture standing wher leg length effects it

2. re-check seated where leg length should be removed

19
Q

What is the stretch shortening cycle?

A
  1. a pre-contraction of the muscle takes up tissue slack

2. when the muscle is loaded it is able to contract at a slower pace and generate greater concentric force

20
Q

how does the amount of DF vary for running, sprinting and walking?

A

1running 30 degrees

  1. sprinting- 10-20 degrees
  2. walking 10 degrees
21
Q

What are the synergistic movement patterns of the closed chain lower leg?

A
  1. knee EXT, tibial ER, rearfoot INV, forefoot PF

2. knee FLEX, tbial IF, rearfoot EVR, forefoot DF

22
Q

Which joint system can you treat in isolation?

A

None

23
Q

What is an orthotic post?

A

anything that is added to the shell of the orthotic

24
Q

What is the advantage of the soft orthotic over the rigid?

A

it decreases the rate of motion without blocking it

25
Q

What is normal eversion at heel strike?

A

4 degrees

26
Q

what does the literature say about the use of orthotics for knee OA?

A
  1. it can alter the angle of the eke
  2. some pain reduction
  3. no evidence for structural or functional impact
27
Q

How long do running shoes last?

A
  1. 250-500 miles ethyl vinyl or polyurethane loose the ability to attenuate GRF
  2. isoles usually fail in 6-9 months

foot and ankle (6 decks)

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