Class I Flashcards
the ability to meet the emotional, behavioral, & social demands of life
psychosocial integrity
healthy state of mind, able to function in society
mental health
all diagnosable mental disorders
mental illness
who began the study of mental illness
Freud
what year did psych drugs become common
1950’s
in what year did the community mental health act start deinstitutionalization
1963
what causes the release of neurotransmitters
chemical impulses
what happens if a neurotransmitter is not picked up by the receptors
presynaptic cell will reuptake it ⬆️ levels
where are neurotranmitters stored
end of pre-synaptic neuron
receptor sites operate like
gatekeepers
what happens when there are not enough receptor sites
transmission is slowed
what 3 things can happen to a neurotransmitter once they have sent their message
- sent back to pre-synaptic axon
- reuptake
- inactivation
what are the 3 groups of neurotransmitters
biogenic amines
amino acides
peptides
neurotransmitter:
pain, pleasure, emotion, cognition
dopamine
is dopamine inhibitory or excitatory
excitatory
neurotransmitter:
attention, learning, memory, sleep/wake, anxiety/mood
norepinephrine
neurotransmitter:
fight or flight
epinephrine
neurotransmitter:
allergic reaction, gastric acid secretions, ❤️ stimulation
histamine
where is dopamine located
brainstem
neurotransmitter:
thought to be involved w/ wt gain, sedation, & hypotension as a s/e of psych meds
histamine
neurotransmitter:
intake, sleep, temp regulation, pain control, sexual behavior, emotion
serotonin
what amino acid is serotonin derived from
tryptophan
where is tryptophan found
milk, eggs, poultry, chickpeas
is serotonin inhibitory or excitatory
inhibitory
where is serotonin stored (2 places)
20% brain
70% GI tract
neurotransmitter:
sleep/wake cycles, muscle activity, attention & memory
acetylcholine
is acetylcholine inhibitory or excitatory
both
what is acetylcholine produced from
dietary choline (beans, yolk, red meats, cauliflower)
what are the 2 amino acid neurotransmitters
GABA
Glutamate
is GABA inhibitory or excitatory
inhibitory
low GABA is r/t
high anxiety
neurotransmitter:
r/t long-term memory & learning
glutamate
is glutamate inhibitory or excitatory
excitatory
neurotransmitter:
affected in dementia patients
glutamate
neurotransmitter:
r/t schizophrenia (1)
⬆️ dopamine
neurotransmitter:
r/t alzheimer’s (2)
⬇️ acetylcholine
⬇️ glutamate
neurotransmitter:
r/t depression (2)
⬇️ serotonin
⬇️ norepinephrine
neurotransmitter:
r/t anxiety (1)
GABA
Theory:
based on unconscious thoughts & memories as the basis of mental illness to protect the pt from harmful memories
psychoanalytic theory
Theory:
refers to person’s social & psychological development occurring in stages over the lifespan
developmental theory
Theory:
concerned w/ human interaction
interpersonal theory
what is the purpose of the milieu environment
establish satisfying relationships in a safe & therapeutic setting
Theory:
what thhe pt thinks impacts the way they feel
cognitive theory
Theory:
what at pt does is based on learned actions; rewards & punishments
behavior theory
Group:
helps pts analyze and enhance their interpersonal functioning; talk about their feelings
psychotherapy group
Group:
focus on personal interactions & issues occurring in daily living (jobs, relationships, etc.)
therapeutic group
Group:
provide connectedness, empathy, acceptance
support group
Group:
encourage interaction among members, expression of feelings in a non-verbal way, enhance self-esteem
activity group
Group:
empower self management, provide useful information (stress, wellness mgmt)
education group
Group:
use TV, newspaper, magazines to help w/ cognitive deficits
orientation group
Group:
help improve problems encountered in a group living situation
milieu group
Group:
run by members of the group - no leader; all struggling with the same problem
self-help group
didactic instruction about mental health, illness, or the focal problem of the group (teach each other)
imparting of information
faith that the tx can and will be effective
instilling hope
opportunity to rise out of oneself and help someone else; the feeling of usefulness
altruis
demonstration that we are not alone in our problems
universality
opportunity for expressions of strong feelings in a safe environment
catharsis
receiving feedback from others & experimenting w/ new ways of relating
interpersonal learning
allows person to function well, controls action & perception, develop mutually satisfying relationships
ego
seeks instant gratification, no regard for rules, unorganized reservoir of energy
ID
moral & ethical, follows rules & regulations
superego
