Class Differences In Educational Achievement

Question 1

External Factors

Answer 1

Material deprivation
Cultural deprivation
Values and attitudes
Language
Cultural capital

Question 2

Internal factors

Answer 2

Labelling theory
Class and identity
Streaming
Subculture

Question 3

Cultural deprivation theory

Answer 3

• Parental help
• Linguistics
• Attitudes and values

Question 4

Cultural deprivation - Parental help

Answer 4

Feinstein
- money is importabt but encouragement and support is the critical factor in achievement
- fewer books, educational toys
M/C go to museum, rather than TV

Douglas
- working class parents are less likely to suoport children’s intellectual development through reading with them or education activities at home

Young
- The way mothers think about toys has an influence on a childs intellectual development
-M/C mothers are more likely to choose toys to prepare for school

Question 5

Cultural deprivation - Attitudes and Values

Answer 5

Hyman
- W/Class parents dont prepare children properly
- aren’t encouraged so low aspirations and expectations
- Less interent - dont go to parents evening

Douglas
- w/Class dont value education

Sugarman
- w/class and m/class have different values, that then has an impact on how they approach school and education

Question 6

Cultural Deprivation - linguistics

Answer 6

Bernstein - two distinct language codes:
Elaborated code, middle class
Restricted code, working class

Question 8

Material deprivation

Answer 8

• Housing
• Resources
• Extra curricular

Question 9

Material deprivation - housing

Answer 9

Harker
- less place to place
- less space to study
- moving from house to house

Douglas
- poor housing conditions, damp leads to more sick days

Smith and Noble
- no computer, internet, desk, books
- might have to work part time to suppirt family, effects attendance

Howard
- lack of nutritious food
decrease in development

Question 10

Material deprivation - resoures

Answer 10

Smith and Noble
- cant afford school uniforms, school trips or books
- Poor children have hand me downs, cheaper, clothes + resources
- These children then become isolated and subsequently fall behind

Question 11

Material deprivation - extra curriculars

Answer 11

Emily Tanner - the cost of items such as sports, music and art equipment, plafes a heavy burden on pooer families

Question 12

Cultural capital theory