Class Differences In Achievement (External Factors)

Question 1

External factors

Answer 1

Factors outside education system e.g home family background and wider society

Question 2

Cultural deprivation

Answer 2

Basic skill value attitude need for Ed sucess through primary socialisation
Lang skill motivation ect
Wc fail socialise adequately-culturally deprived

Question 3

Working class subculture

Answer 3

Fatalism
Collectivism
Immediate gratification
Present time orientation

Question 4

Fatalism

Answer 4

Belief in fate whatever will be will be

Question 5

Collectivism

Answer 5

Rather be part of a group than get individual success

Question 6

Immediate gratification

Answer 6

Reward now than later in life

Question 7

Present time orientation

Answer 7

Present more important than future no long term goals

Question 8

Language

Answer 8

Parent communication key factor for schooling
Hubb challenging Lang improve kid cognitive abilities
Ao3 not kids it’s school attitude towards it

Question 9

Restricted code

Answer 9

Wc limited vocabulary short grammatically simple sentences context bound

Question 10

Elaborated code

Answer 10

Mc complex sentences wider vocabulary communicate abstract ideas

Question 11

Bernstein speech codes

Answer 11

Mc advantage wc disadvantage elaborated code used in Ed hard wc understand
Ao3 exaggerating and oversimplifying between wc and me speech patterns

Question 12

Parent education Douglass

Answer 12

Wc value ed less and less ambitious for kid uninterested no income t in there education
Key part is parent involvement for achieving

Question 13

Parenting style

Answer 13

Md high Ed consistent discipline high expectations support achievement
Wc harsh discipline prevent learning uninvolved

Question 14

Parental education behaviour

Answer 14

Mc Higer Ed value more assist to help achievement eg read good relationship with teachers

Question 15

Use of income Bernstein and young

Answer 15

Mc higer job more income spend on education toys and books help kid achievement wc disadvantaged

Question 16

Compensatory education

Answer 16

Extra resources in school community deprived areas decease deprivation at home
Ao3 insufficient resources Little impact Little respond going to schools

Question 17

Criticism of cultural deprivation

Answer 17

Victim blaming blame kid own failure ignoring inequality in Ed system/society
Keddie - culturally different not deprived Ed mc dominated

Question 18

Material deprivation

Answer 18

Poverty lack of material necessities eg adequate housing and income more wc than mc

Question 19

Housing

Answer 19

Effect Ed directly or indirectly eg overcrowding directly harder study less space and quite moving house ect
Indirectly poor housing cold damp effect health impact immune system go absent

Question 20

Diet and health - Howard

Answer 20

Low energy nutrients minerals weak immune system impact health can’t concentrate lead underachievement

Question 21

Financial support and cost of education

Answer 21

Poor equipment limited opportunities help achievement
Tanner - books uniform transport heavy Burden wc hand me down get bullied

Question 22

Fear of debt

Answer 22

Deter wc going uni - debt advers more cost than benefits 5x less likely go than mc if go thru go local save money limit opportunity

Question 23

Cultural capital

Answer 23

Knowledge attitude value abilities of mc advantage those who have it kid able analyse abstract ideas know how to achieve sucess in Ed
Wc rough and inferior lead failure get message not for them

Question 24

Educational/economic capital

Answer 24

Mc covert wealth to education capital eg orient school tutors ect lead more achievement in Ed
Disadvantage wc