Class and Offending

Question 1

What are two dispositional theories?

Answer 1

Strain, Subculture

Question 2

What is Hall and Scraton’s (1981) critical approach to the theory of class and offending?

Answer 2

The impact of over-policing and penalising

Question 3

What are the three ambiguities about class as stated by Williams 1988?

Answer 3

Group, Rank and Formation

Question 4

Relationship between crime and consumption (Field, 1990) (1): Short term property crime is?

Answer 4

Inversely related to consumption

Question 5

Relationship between crime and consumption, (Field, 1990) (2): Long tern property crime is?

Answer 5

Positively related to consumption

Question 6

Relationship between crime and consumption, (Field, 1990) (3): Long term personal crime is?

Answer 6

Positively related to consumption

Question 7

Fill the gap: Hale 1990, Low paid employed males meant an ________ what? in ________ what? crime.

Answer 7

Low paid employed males mean in INCREASE in PROPERTY crime.

Question 8

The Home Office National Prison Survey 1991 found what percentage of the of the prison population had non-manual jobs compared to what percentage of the general population?

Answer 8

The Home Office National Prison Survey 1991 found 18% of the of the prison population had non-manual jobs compared to 45% of the general population?

Question 9

The Home Office National Prison Survey 1991 found what percentage of the of the prison population semi/ unskilled jobs compared to what percentage of the general population?

Answer 9

The Home Office National Prison Survey 1991 found 41% of the of the prison population semi/ unskilled jobs compared to 19% of the general population?

Question 10

What percentage of young offenders had white collar parents?

Answer 10

8%

Question 11

What percentage of young offenders on supervision orders had a male head of house in a non-manual job?

Answer 11

8%

Question 12

What percentage of defendants in courts had professional/ managerial jobs?

Answer 12

5%

Question 13

Which two academics argue that the class/ crime relationship is a myth?

Answer 13

Tittle et al, 1978; Donaway et al, 2000

Question 14

Bennett 2004 said that lower class juveniles were more likely to be what 3 things by the Police?

Answer 14

Stopped, stopped and searched and receive a custodial sentence.

Question 15

Bennett 1979 said that middle class juveniles are what?

Answer 15

More likely to receive a caution for the same offence than lower class.

Question 16

Murray’s 1990 theory of the Underclass was about what?

Answer 16

A criminogenic culture

Question 17

Reiner’s 2007 Political Economy theory is about what?

Answer 17

Crimes of the powerful and powerless

Question 18

Complete: Wilkstrom’s 2006 study on _________ Risk is about the _________ of class and offending. It was a ____ _____ study on youth from Peterborough.

Answer 18

Complete: Wilkstrom’s 2006 study on INDIVIDUALISED Risk is about the RELEVANCE of class and offending. It was a SELF-REPORT study on youth from Peterborough.

Question 19

The Criminalisation debate on the class/ criminal Justice link was by which authors?

Answer 19

Hall and Scraton, 1981