Class 9: PID & Endometriosis Flashcards
what is endometriosis?
endometrial tissue located in abnormal locations outside the uterine cavity
endometriosis etiology
retrograde menstruation, vascular or lymphatic spread, or surgical complications
what age is it more common to have endometriosis?
reproductive years
darker skinned women more commonly have endometriosis. T/F?
false - light skinned women are more likely to have endometriosis
women who are ___ in their 30s are more likely to have endometriosis
nulliparous
endometriosis is not hereditary. T/F?
false
how can endometriosis cause infertility?
endometriosis can cause adhesions to form between FT & ovaries, leading to infertility
the following are S&S of what condition?
maybe asymptomatic, severe pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, involuntary infertility, pelvic heaviness, dysuria
endometriosis
2 types of endometriosis?
diffuse or focal
most common location of endometriosis
ovaries
US appearance of endometrioma
chocolate cyst; echogenicity depends on age of blood; CD = pericystic flow
it is easy to detect endometriosis on US. T/F?
false
7 treatment options for endometriosis
- natural menopause
- danazol
- oral contraceptives
- surgery
- hysterectomy & oophorectomy
- drug therapy with laser therapy
- pregnancy
how does danazol help relieve endometriosis S&S?
similar to testosterone, it prevents ovulation by suppressing FSH & LH, which decreases amount of hormones made by ovaries
what is pelvic inflammatory disease?
infection of the upper genital tract
what is the main cause of PID?
bacterial infection due to STD
3 risks for PID?
- ectopic pregnancy
- tubo-ovarian abscess
- infertility
what population is most at risk for PID?
sexually active young women
the following are S&S of which complication?
lower abdominal pain
pelvic pain
pelvic tenderness
dull pain that increases with movement/sex
vaginal discharge
abnormal vaginal bleeding
fever
high WBC count
PID
what is Fitz Hugh Curtis Syndrome?
severe PID that progresses to peritonitis or abscess
the following are S&S of what condition?
RUQ pain & tenderness
right sided pleuritic pain
fitz hugh curtis syndrome
how does PID infection spread?
upward & outward
stage 1 of PID?
early PID or endometritis
stage 2 of PID?
salpingitis
stage 3 of PID?
severe PID/TOA
what is pyosalpinx?
FT filled with pus
TRV appearance of pyosalpinx?
string of beads; cogwheel
SAG appearance of pyosalpinx?
waist-sign; sausage
what is hydrosalpinx?
pyosalpinx resolves & FT fills with serous fluid
hydrosalpinx has the same US appearance as ___ but ___ replaces pus
pyosalpinx; fluid
what is a tubo-ovarian abscess?
when pus leaks from the end of the fallopian tube, leading to inflammation
what is loculated ascites?
ascites that’s not anechoic
which conditions can you see loculated ascites?
- TOA
- PID
- malignancy
- mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
