Class 9 Flashcards
Social justice, social welfare and refugees, immigrants, temporary workers and undocumented migrants.
What does migration have to do with social welfare?
How immigrants in Canada are doing
Access to services
Credential recognition
Why do people migrate?
Job opportunities Refuge Better life Family reunification Education Healthcare
What is the definition of ‘migration’
Moving to a new place (within own country)
What is the definition of ‘Immigrant/Emigrant’
Implies moving through borders
Immigrant - coming into borders (immigrant to Canada)
Emigrant - leaving own country (emigrant of Canada)
What is the definition of ‘Permanent residency’?
Given permission to live within Canada permanently
Indefinite leave to remain
What is the definition of ‘Landing/landed immigrant’?
Process of arriving in the country
Same as permanent residency
What is the definition of ‘Settlement’?
Process that occurs after the immigrant arrives
What is the definition of ‘Naturalisation/Citizenship’?
Becoming Canadian
Must be a permanent residence before becoming a citizen
What is the definition of ‘Visitor’?
No intention of staying
What is the definition of ‘Temporary resident’?
International student Working visa (temp)
What is the definition of ‘Refugee Claimant/ Asylum seeker’?
Come to Canada look for refuge
Looking for status when arrived
What is the definition of ‘Undocumented migrants’?
Don’t have documents (permission) to be within the country
What is the definition of ‘1st/2nd/ 1.5 generation’?
1st - immigrated themselves
2nd - children born in Canada
1.5 - young children who immigrated along with parents
What is the difference between migration flow, and migrant stock?
Migration flow is the movement of migrants
Migrant stock is the number of migrants (percentages)
What factors cause applicants to be considered inadmissible for entry?
Security (criminal record) Health Lying in an application Family member is inadmissible “Excessive demand on health or social services” - cost more than 3 times the Canadian average - Changed definition - increased amount per year
Types of temporary residency in Canada
Visitors
Students
Workers
What is required from visitors for temporary residency?
Visa
What are two programs for temporary workers in Canada?
International Mobility Program (IMP)
- Advancing Canadian interests
- Labour Market Impact Assessment not necessary
- Includes NAFTA, reciprocal arrangements, high-skill
Temporary Foreign Worker program
- LMIA required, no reciprocity, about ‘filling gaps’
- Includes low-skill, caregiver, agriculture workers
What are the permanent residency programs in Canada?
Family sponsorship
Refugees/Humanitarian
Economic
Explain Family Sponsorship
Parents and Grandparents (PGP)
Adopted children and other family members (exceptional)
Spouses/ Common law partners / Conjugal partners & Dependent children
Family (re)unification
Spouses, common-law and conjugal partners
Dependent children
Parents and grandparents
Other family members on a VERY limited basis
Prove relationship, that sponsor is eligible to sponsor and that sponsored person is not inadmissible
Sponsorship undertaking
Explain the refugee/humanitarian program
(Quebec) - more power to approve Refugee Claimants/ Asylum Seekers Resettled Refugees Government Assisted Refugees (GARs) Privately Sponsored Refugees (PSRs) Government Assisted Refugees (GARs) Privately Sponsored Refugees (PSRs) Sponsorship Agreement Holder (SAH) Group of Five (G5) Community Groups
Refugees and refugee claimants
“A refugee is someone who has been forced to flee his or her country because of persecution, war, or violence. A refugee has a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, political opinion or membership in a particular social group. Most likely, they cannot return home or are afraid to do so. “
Explain economic program
Federal Skilled Worker (FSW) Canadian Experience Class (CEC) Federal Skilled Trade (FST) Provincial Nominee Program Start-up and Self-employed Quebec Skilled Worker Caregivers
Explain economic immigration point system
Points system - Skilled workers (67 to apply): Language Ability (28 max) French/English/Bilingual Education (25 max) Work experience (15 max) Benefit society Age (12 max) Arranged employment (10 max) Job guarantee Adaptability (10 max)
What is the Canadian settlement policy?
Shared Federal – province Mainly run through settlement service providers Information and Orientation Language and Skills Labour Market Access Programs with Communities
Note: only permanent residents can access most services. They are not available to temporary workers
