Class #9 Flashcards
What causes bilateral conjunctivitis? unilateral?
BILATERAL= infection, allergens, radiant energy UNILATERAL= foreign body, chemical/irritation damage
Bacterial/fungal conjunctivitis causes a ________________ discharge
mucopurulent , yellow/green exudate, sticky eyelids
What kind of discharge would you expect to see from a viral infection, an allergen or a foreign body?
watery discharge
What bacterias can cause acute and chronic conjunctivitis?
- streptococcus pneumonia
- staphylococcus aureas
- H. Influenza
What causes chronic bacterial conjunctivitis?
- obstruction of nasolacrimal duct
- chronic infection of lacrimal sac
How might I know if I have chronic bacterial conjunctivitis?
- yellow/green exudate
- burning, itching, morning crusting
- EYELASH LOSS
What is unique about hyper acute bacterial conjunctivitis?
- chemosis (edema) or conjunctiva
- swollen pre-auricular lymph nodes (in front of the ear)
How do heath care professionals treat hyperacute bacterial conjunctivitis?
-antibiotics based on C&S swab
What are the complications of hyperacute bacterial conjunctivitis if it remains untreated?
- corneal ulceration
- perforation
- vision loss
What is the leading cause of preventable blindness in the world?
Chlamydial Conjunctivitis
How is chlamydial conjunctivitis transmitted?
- direct contact
- fomites/flies
- mom-newborn
- unchlorinated pools
What causes viral keratoconjunctivitis? What is the difference between the mild form and the epidemic form?
adenoviruses from inadequately chlorinated swimming pools
MILD: hyperemia, tearing with no discharge, pharyngitis, fever and malaise
EPIDEMIC: visual disturbances
What happens if the epithelial layer of the cornea is damaged?
minor and self-limiting because it that layer of the cornea is able to regenerate itself with no scarring
What eye disorder can cause iridescent vision?
corneal trauma to the endothelia
What might I expect if I poke my cornea deep enough to damage the endothelia?
- edema (dull/hazy cornea)
- slow healing
- scarring
- decreased visual acuity
- iridescent vision
Inflammation of the cornea is called…
keratitis, caused by herpes simplex
HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS CAN CAUSE ALL OF THE FOLLOWING DISORDERS
- keratitis
- viral meningitis
- encephalitis
What can cause keratitis?
- infections
- contact lenses
- hypersensitivity reaction
- ischemia, trauma
- local anesthesia
What is the difference between non-ulcerative and ulcerative keratitis?
Non-ulcerative keratitis affects all layers of the epithelium but leaves it intact
Ulcerative involves either the epithelium, the stroma (outer layer of the iris) or both, but they do not remain intact. This causes scarring, impaired vision, and blindness
What is hyperopia?
far-sighedness, which occurs when the anterior-posterior distance of the eye is too short
What occurs when the image focus is BEHIND the retina?
Hyperopia
When would you use a convex lens?
to correct hyperopia
What is myopia?
near-sightedness, which occurs when the anterior-posterior distance of the eye is too LONG. The image here is focussed in FRONT of the retina
What do you use to correct myopia?
Concave lens