Class 8 - Flexibility Flashcards
What is flexibility?
Amount of ROM about a joint or multiple joints at any age.
Where is the greatest decline in ROM with age?
Spinal extension
Between age 20-70 how much does spinal extension decrease?
50%
Between age 20-70 how much does hip extension decrease
20%
Between age 20-70 how much does knee flexion decrease?
2%
T/F: on average, ROM decreases greater in the upper extremity with age.
False, lower extremity.
What is joint stiffness?
The sensation of difficulty moving a joint or the apparent loss of ROM.
What is the joint pain dysfunction cycle?
Joint pain -> decreased joint movement -> disuse atrophy -> joint stiffness->joint pain
What are the steps for breaking the joint pain cycle?
- Joint pain
- Maintain joint movement (pm exercise is better)
- No/limited disuse atrophy
- Maintain function
What are the two main factors that contribute to stiffness in OA?
- Decreased muscle mass due to decrease in number of fibers
- Increased connective tissue surrounding and within muscle
What are the 4 connective tissues involved in mobility?
- Ligaments
- Tendons
- Fascia
- Joint capsule
What chemical changes occur with age? (3)
- Loss of water content
- CT less extensible
- CT more resistant to being deformed
What percent of OA have osteoarthritic changes?
85%
T/F: pain doesn’t come directly from the breakdown of articular cartilage, but rather the pain receptors in the connective tissue and bones.
True
The increase in the number of limitations leads to loss of what?
Loss of independence
What is the DEATH mnemonic for BADLs?
Dressing/bathing
Eating
Ambulating
Toileting
Hygiene
What is the SHAFT mnemonic for IADLs
Shopping
Housework
Accounting
Food preparation/meds
Telephone/transportation
What is the difference between BADLs and IADLs?
IADLs are not necessary for fundamental functioning, but they let an individual live independently in a community
When OA improve flexibility, rhey typically improve on what?
Muscular strength
What is the limited ROM for a knee replacement?
Rarely flex past 110°
What are the limited ROM for a hip replacement?
- No flexion past 90°
- No internal rotation
- No hip addiction past the midline
Which movements are required to put a shirt on overhead?
Shoulder flexion, abduction, external rotation
Which movements are required to fasten clothes in the back?
Abduction, internal rotation, extension
Which movements are required to walk, acend stairs, and get up and down out of the tub?
Hip extension & flexion, knee flexion, dorsiflexion
In flexibility it is important to stress what?
the end range of joint motion
How long to hold static stretches?
10-90s
How long to hold dynamic stretches?
2-5s
T/F: YA benefit more from contract relax PNF and OA respond more to static stretching.
True
Which line have more decreases in ROM?
Lower limbs
What are the three steps to stretching in regards to breathing?
- Inhale before stretch
- Exhale into the stretch
- Breathe evenly while holding
