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Mother Baby Unit 2 > Class 7 Study Guide > Flashcards

Class 7 Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

Most common cause of early postpartum hemorrhage

A
  • uterine atony
  • trauma to birth canal
  • hematoma
  • retention of placental fragments
  • DIC
  • placenta previa
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2
Q

Predisposing factors for uterine atony

A
  • overdistention of uterus
  • prolonged or precipitate labor
  • induction/augmented
  • retention of placenta
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3
Q

Most common causes of late postpartum hemorrhage

A
  • subinvolution

- retained placenta fragments

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4
Q

Predisposing factors for subinvolution

A
  • attempting to delivery placenta prior detachment
  • maunal removal of placenta
  • placenta accrete
  • previous C/S
  • uterine leiomyomas
  • infection
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5
Q

S/S of subinvolution and management

A
  • prolonged discharge of lochia
  • irregular or excessive bleeding
  • pelvic pain or heaviness
  • backache
  • fatigue
  • malaise
  • larger softer uterus
  • treat with methergine
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6
Q

Endometritis

A

infection of inner lining of uterus

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7
Q

Endometritis cause

A

normal inhabitants of vagina and cervix

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8
Q

Endometritis S/S

A
  • looks sick
  • fever
  • chills
  • malaise
  • anorexia
  • abdominal pain and cramping
  • uterine tenderness
  • purulent and foul smelling lochia
  • tachycardia
  • subinvolution
  • occurs within 36 hours
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9
Q

Endometritis management

A
  • IV antibiotics

- prophylactic for C/S

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10
Q

Endometritis complications

A
  • salpingitis and oophoritis

- thrombophlebitis

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11
Q

Endometritis Nursing Considerations

A
  • fowlers position
  • analgesics
  • comfort measures:wamr blankets, cool compresses, cold or warm drinks, heating pad
  • foodshigh in Vit. C and protein
  • fluids
  • education on worsening symptoms
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12
Q

Peurperal Infection

A

-bacterial infection after childbirth with fever first 24 hurs on at least 2/10 first days postpartum

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13
Q

Peurperal Patho

A
  • whole reproductive tract is connected and into peritoneal cavity.
  • well supplied blood vessels makes it easy for infection to become septic
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14
Q

Peurperal Infection Risk Factors

A
  • History of previous infections
  • C/S
  • trauma
  • PROM
  • Prolonged labor
  • Cath
  • excessive SVE
  • retained placental fragments
  • hemorrhage
  • poor nutrition
  • comorbidities
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15
Q

What are Preterm babies at risk for

A

-respiratory disorders
-problems with temperature maintenance
-hypoglycemia
-hyperbilirubinemia
-feeding difficulties
-acidosis
sepsis
-long term neurodevelopmental disorders as well as cognitive and behavior problems

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16
Q

LBW:

A

2500 g

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17
Q

VLBW

A

1500g

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18
Q

ELBW

A

1000g

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19
Q

Differentiate between periodic breathing and apneic breathing

A

Periodic: cessation of breathing for 5-10 seconds without other changes, may be followed by rapid respiration for 10-15 seconds

Apneic:lack of breathing lasting more than 20 seconds, or accompanied by cyanosis, pallor, bradycardia, or hypotonia

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20
Q

Excessive compliance

A
  • elasticity of chest cavity during retraction

- may interfere with full expansion of lungs

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21
Q

What can grunting indicate

A
  • early sign of RDS
  • glottis is closed and increased pressure within aveoli partially open during expiration an decreasing amount of oxygen absorbed.
22
Q

High frequency ventilation

A

-used to provide very fast, frequent respiration with less pressure and volume

23
Q

Normal urinary output for perterm infants

A

-2-5 mL/kg/hr

24
Q

Weighing diapers for output

A

-1 diaper, 1 g=1 mL

25
Interventions for preterm infants skin
- use adhesives as little as possible - gauze instead of tape - no harsh chemicals. If disinfection skin wash wit sterile water afterwards. No alcohol - no bathing more than every other day - warm water without soap if less than 32 weeks
26
What can pain lead to in preterm infants
- IICP - hypoxia - changes in BMR - adverse effects on healing/growth
27
Common Sings on pain in infants
- increased/decreased vitals - high pitch,intense harsh cry - whimpering/moaning - cry face - eyes squeezed shut - grimacing - bulging or furrowing of brow - tense rigid muscles or flaccid - rigidity or flailing of extremities - sleep wake pattern
28
sceduling care to reduce stress in NICU
- wake infant during active sleep phase when more easily aroused - decrease frequency of taking vitals - routine daily baths are unnecessary - reduce stimuli (noise and light) - provide quite times to promote rest - reposition infant and waddle them in flex position
29
How much weight should a health PT infant gain
-15-20g/kg/day
30
IVH is most associated with
- decreased bp - asphyxia - respiratory distress - increased/fluctuating cerebral blood flow - rapid volume expansion - hypercarbia - acidosis - hypoglycemia
31
IVH grade 1
very small brain bleed producing few clincal changes
32
IVH Grade 2
-hemorrhage extends into lateral ventricles
33
IVH Grade 3
-distention of ventricles
34
IVH S/S
-from no symptoms to lethargy, poor muscle tone, deterioration of respiratory status, hyperglycemia, seizures
35
IVH management
- occur during first wek | - treatment is supportive and maintaining respiratory function
36
Nursing interventions for IVH
- mechanical ventilation - suctioning - excessive handling - daily measurement of head
37
Assessment findings for posterm infant
- apprehensive look associated with hypoxia - thin with loose skin (little subcutaneous fat) - little or no vernix - wrinkled skin, cracked,peeling - rapid use of glycogen stores - low temperature (instability)
38
Know resuscitation table
Know resucitation table
39
Transient Tacypnea of newborn (TTN)
- rapid respirations soon after birth when inadequate absoprtion of fetal lung fluid occurs - resolves within 24-72 hours
40
TTN Risk
- C/S without labor - precipitous delivery - male gender - perinatal asphyxia - maternal DM - asthma
41
TTN S/S
- respiration of 60-120 | - retractions, nasal flaring, grunting, mild cyanosis, hyperinflation
42
TTN management
- supportive | - oxygen for cyanosis and gavage feeds with high respiration's
43
TTN nursing considerations
- identify signs | - notify provider
44
Meconium aspiration syndrome S/S
- present at birth - tachypnea - cyanosis - nasal flaring - grunting - rales - barrel shape chest-nails, skin, and cord may be stained from meconium passed
45
Side effects of phototherapy
- frequent loose green stools - stools can impair skin integrity and cause fluid loss - insensible water loss - bronze baby syndrome (grayish brown discoloration) - rash
46
early onset of sepsis
- acquired during birth from PROM, prolong labor - begins withing 72 hours - rapidly developing with high mortality and morbidity rate
47
Late onset of sepsis
- develops after first week of life - acquired during or after birth, before or after discharge - localized infection such as meningitis
48
Characterisitic of infant to DM mother (IDM)
- hypertrophy of liver, spleen and heart - round face, obese body, red skin - poor muscle tone, irritable and tremors when disturbed
49
NAS S/S
- irritable - hyperactive muscle tone - high pitched cry - diarrhea - tremors - poor suck and swallow - vomiting - failure to gain weight
50
NAS management
- deal with complications, respiratory problems - medications to help with withdrawals - gavage feeding if unable to breastfeed - social services - breast feed only if on methadone
51
PKU S/S
- digestive problems and vomiting - seizures - musty urine - intellectual impairment - screen after 24 hours of birth
52
hypospadias
- urethra isnt midline and is under penis of male infant | - easy fix, usually by 6 months

Mother Baby Unit 2 (3 decks)

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