Class 5 Study Guide Flashcards
Pros and Cons of delayed pregnancy
Cons- increased risk of genetic abnormalities with age, preexisiting conditions such as HTN and DM,
-Increased risk of miscarriage, GDM, C/S, preterm delivery, stillbirth, preclampsia, placenta previa/abruption
Pros- more resources, financially stable
Irreparable Defect
-deal with the fact that infant will have lifelong disability, Downs, microcephaly, CF
Caffine effects on fetus
- crosses placenta
- stimulant
- teratogenic effects are undocumented
Tobacco effects on fetus
-prematurity
-LBW
-neurodevelopmental problems
increased incidence of SIDS
Alcohol effects on fetus
- fetal demise
- FGR
- FASD
Marijuana effects on fetus
-unclear
Cocaine effects on fetus
- tachycardia
- stillbirth
- prematuriy
- irritability
- sleep followed by agitation, poor response to comforting or interaction, possible attention and language problems
Meth effects on fetus
- increased risk for FGR
- prematurity
- cleft palate
- abnormal sleep patterns
- agitation
- poor feeding
- vomiting
Antidepressants effects on fetus
- trainsient respiratory distress
- irritability
- poor tone
- persistant pulmonary hypertension
Opioid effects on fetus
- FGR
- LBW
- perinatal asphyxia
- meconium aspiration
- NAS
- fetal/neonatal death
- SIDS
- abuse/neglect
Concurrent death/survival in multifetal
- conflicting and complex feelings of joy and grief.
- grieving process is complicated
- fear for surviving infant
- problems with attachment
Hemorrhagic conditions of early pregnancy
- abortion
- ectopic pregnancy
- hydratiform mole
Missed Abortion
- fetus dies during first half of pregnancy but never aborts self.
- pregnancy symptoms disappear
- can cause infection/sepsis
Risk Factors for ectopic pregnancy
- history of STIs that scar fallopian tubes
- history of PID
- history of previous ectopic pregnancies
- failed tubal ligation
- IUD
- multiple induced abortions (scaring)
- maternal age >35
- assisted reproductive technique used
Gestational Trophoblastic Disease
hydatidiform mole
- cells that attach the fertilized ovum to uterine wall that deveop abnormally
- placenta develops but not the fetus
- grape like mole that can easily turn cancerous
Hydatidiform Mole-
Complete vs Partial
- complete: ovum is fertilized by sperm that duplicates its own chromosomes while chromosomes of ovum are deactivated
- partial: maternal contribution present but paternal doubled
Hydatidiform Mole
S/S
- vaginal bleeding with grape like clots
- uterus larger than expected
- excessive N/V
- high hormone levels
- early development of preeclampsia
Placenta Previa- Marginal
- low lying placenta
- lower border is more than 3 cm from cervix
Placenta Previa- Partial
-lower border of placenta is less than 3 cm from cervix
Placenta Previa- Risk
- older gestational age
- previous C/S (scarring)
- induced abortion (scarring), or misscarrige
- smoking
- cocaine use
- male fetus
- asian
Placenta Previa- S/S
- painless uterine bleeding with sudden onset
- cervical change my disrupt placenta attachment which can cause bleeding
Abruptio Placentae (placental abruption) Maternal and Fetal Danger
maternal-hemorrhage, hypovolemia shock, DIC
Fetal- anoxia, blood loss, preterm birth
Placental abruption risk
- HTN
- smoking
- multipgravida
- abd trauma
- cocaine use
- autoimmune
Placental abruption s/s
- vaginal bleeding
- abdominal or low back pain
- uterine irritability
- high uterine resting tone
- uterine tenderness at abruption site
- non-reassuring FHR
- hypovolemia shock
- fetal death
- hemorrhage may be concealed or apparent
- baby is not happy
