Class 5

Question 1

Libertarianism definition

Answer 1

it is a political philosophy developed in the United States and in several Anglo-Saxon countries.

This philosophy is based on the idea that a just society is one whose institutions respect and protect the freedom of each individual.

Question 2

Waht does the Libertarianism rejects (three types of policies)

Answer 2

The welfare state, and thus:

1-Paternalism
2-Legislative moralism
3-Redistribution of income

Question 3

Libertarianism proposes a minimal state that:

Answer 3

• Ensures that contracts are respected,
• Protects private property from theft, and
• Keeps the peace.

Question 4

At the heart of this ethical tradition are:

Answer 4

• The notion of property,
• The notion of contract, and
• The notion of (free and informed) consent.

Question 5

Friedrich A. Hayek is:

Answer 5

an economist-philosopher

Question 6

Milton Friedman famous sentence on Libertarianism

Answer 6

“The only business of business is business.”

Question 7

Robert Nozik is :

Answer 7

an economist (talks abou the minimal state)

Question 8

Limits of Libertarianism

Answer 8

most inequalities today are not the result of a fair distribution of wealth, but rather a
perpetuation of power and domination structures
+
we live in a society that
privileges certain characteristics or skills over others. Thus, our success is rarely due only to
ourselves or our efforts

Question 9

The right to property is either a … or a ….
Complete the sentence

Answer 9

a social convention; or a natural law

Question 10

To who the U.S.
owes the maxim life, liberty and property
incorporated into the American constitution?

Answer 10

to John Locke. He is a 17th century British
philosopher and one of the founders of liberalism,
property rights are necessary for the foundation of a just, that is, democratic society.

Question 11

The next difinition of ownership right is the usus, fructus or absus?
“the right to use and control the use of the property, the right to
repossess if necessary”

Answer 11

The usus

Question 12

The next difinition of ownership right is the usus, fructus or absus?
“the right to any profit from the property (e.g., mining rights, a
harvest, milk and flocks from a herd, electricity produced by a wind turbine,
among others);”

Answer 12

The fructus

Question 13

The next difinition of ownership right is the usus, fructus or absus?
“the right to destroy (in particular by consumption), the right to
transfer property for money (sale) or another type of consideration (barter),
or free of charge (donation, inheritance);”

Answer 13

The abusus

Question 14

What ethical problems collecting, storing, and using databases pose?

Answer 14

• Consent
• Privacy
• Security
• Wrong use of data (e.g., threat to democracy, manipulation of opinions)

Question 15

ARTIFICIAL MORAL AGENTS (MACHINE ETHICS) are?

Answer 15

Accountability ( Explainable AI—Deep learning
* Who is responsible for AI’s decision making?)

and Biases et discrimination ( Explainable AI—Deep learning
* Who is responsible for AI’s decision making?)