class 3: stroke Flashcards
what is a ischemic stroke
Occurs when a clot blocks or
impairs blood flow, depriving the
brain of essential oxygen and
nutrients
what is a Hemorrhagic Stroke
Occurs when blood vessels rupture,
causing leakage of blood in or
around the brain
Right Hemisphere - press
Left hemiparesis/hemisensory loss
RH - impairments
left hemi
left side neglect
dysarthria
poor decision making
flat effect
anosongosia - unaware of deficits
asomatogonsia - loss of ownership of one side of the body
LH - impairments
right hemi
right homo hemi
dysarthria - hard time speaking
aphasia (lang)
apraxia
what is the most common type of stroke
MCA
what type of stroke has worse outcomes hemorragic or ischemic
hemmoragic
MCA serves what part of the brain
motor
sensory
speech
cog
the lateral/outer part of the brain
sym of PCA stroke
- Contralateral homonymous hemianopsia
- Visual agnosia
- Prosopagnosia (difficulty naming people on sight)
- Dyslexia (difficulty reading) without agraphia (difficulty writing), color naming (anomia), and color discrimination problems
- Memory defect
- Topographic disorientation
sym of ACA stroke
logical thought
personality
contralateral voluntary movement
LE motor and sesnsory loss > UE loss
mutism
urinary incontinence
(baby or kid)
what does a neg babinski look like
toes pointing down
Spasticity Pattern in Upper Extremity - scapula
Retraction, downward rotation
Spasticity Pattern in Upper Extremity - shoulder
add
depression
IR
Spasticity Pattern in Upper Extremity - elb
Flexion
Spasticity Pattern in Upper Extremity - forearm
Pronation
Spasticity Pattern in Upper Extremity - wrist
Flexion, adduction
Spasticity Pattern in Upper Extremity - hand
Finger flexion, clenched fist thumb, adducted in
palm
Spasticity Pattern in Lower Extremity - pelvis
Retraction (hip hiking)
Spasticity Pattern in Lower Extremity - hip
- Adduction (scissoring)
- IR
- Extension
Spasticity Pattern in Lower Extremity - knee
Extension
Spasticity Pattern in Lower Extremity - foot and ankle
- Plantarflexion
- Inversion
- Equinovarus
- Toes claw (tarsometatarsal extension, metatarsophalangeal flexion)
- Toes curl (tarso- and metatarsophalangeal flexion)
Upper Extremity - flexion syngery
- Scapula retraction/elevation or
hyperextension - Shoulder abduction, external
rotation - Elbow flexion
- Wrist and finger flexion
UE - EXTENSION SYNERGY
- Scapular protraction
- Shoulder adduction, IR
- Elbow extension
- Forearm pronation
- Wrist and finger flexion
ACA serves what part of the brain
medial part of the brain
PCA serve what part of the brain
posterior brain
LE - flexor syngery
- Hip flexion, abduction, ER
- Knee flexion
- Ankle DF, inversion
- Toe DF
LE - extensor syndergy
- Hip extension, adduction, IR
- Knee extension
- Ankle PF, inversion
- Toe PF
what motor impact does a MCA stroke have
effects more of the UE and face then the LE
what is broca’s aphasia
when the person has a hard time expressing lang
expressive aphasia
what is wernickes aphasia
when a person cannot understand language - word salad
receptive aphasia
what is global aphasia
characterized by the complete inability either to speak or to understand language, and is typically associated with large lesions of the main hemp
is homo hemi normally seen in right or left MCA stoke
it can be seen with either
is someone has a right sided MCA would theyhave r or l homo hemi
L
what does home hemi mean
L or R visual field is blocked
what is visual agnosia
a neurological disorder that makes it difficult to recognize objects using sight
central territory with PCA stroke - what structure is affected
thalamus
thalamic pain syndrome
what is propagnosia
inability to recognize faces
what is thalamic pain syndrome
a chronic pain condition that’s caused by damage to the thalamus, a part of the brain that relays sensory information
Pain that feels burning, scalding, tearing, or shooting
Pain that’s constant or intermittent
Pain that’s associated with temperature changes
Pain that lasts longer than the original stimulus
Sensory abnormalities, like allodynia and hyperalgesia
is tone check with passive or activte ROM
passive
is spatsity checked with passive or active ROM
passive
is syngery check with passive ROM or active
active
ask the patient to move
rhyms with energy and you need energy to do AROM
Brunnstrom Stages - how many stages
7
Brunnstrom Stages 1
Flaccidity
No active limb movement
Brunnstrom Stages 2
Beginning of minimal voluntary movement
- In synergy, with associated reactions
- Increase tone
Brunnstrom Stages 3
Voluntary control of movement synergy (Spasticity at peak)
* Further increase tone to peak level
Brunnstrom Stages 4
Movement outside of synergy
* Decrease tone
Brunnstrom Stages 5
Increase complex movement, greater independence from limb synergies
Brunnstrom Stages 6
Individual joint movement, coordinated movement
Brunnstrom Stages 7
Normal function
how to rememeber spascity -UE
rainbow
how to remember spatcity LE
ballariena pose
what is the best treatment for spascity
positioning
place the pt in the opposite of spastic moment
UE - flexion synergy how to remember
monkey
showing biceps
LE - flexion synergy how to remember
crossed leg
UE - ext synergy how to remember
waiter tip
LE - ext synergy how to remember
ballarein
