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Dental Anatomy > Class 2 And Hand Instruments > Flashcards

Class 2 And Hand Instruments Flashcards

1
Q

What happens the more you cut a tooth?

A

The more you weaken it!

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2
Q

What are class 2 lesions involved in?

A

Proximal surface or surface of posterior teeth

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3
Q

What are the four types of amalgam restorations?

How many surfaces do each involve?

A

Simple- 1 surface
Compound- 2 surface
Complex- 3 surface
Atypical- 3+ surfaces that always involve the onlaying of one or more cusps

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4
Q

What are two examples of the changing practice of restorative dentistry?

A

1- initial surgical procedures - defect specific approach
2- classical G.V. Black procedure - currently indicated for amalgam and usually limited to board exams or replacement restorations

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5
Q

What are the class 2 preps?

A

1 - prewedge all class 2 preps
2- place matrix (tofflemire) on adjoining tooth- open end of retainers always faces towards gingiva
3- 7 steps: see next card

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6
Q

What are 7 steps for class 2 ?

A

1- outline form ( outer shape)
2- resistance form- internal shape that prevents fracture of filling or tooth)
3- retention form ( internal shape that prevents filling from falling out
4- access form
5- removal of decay
6- margination ( finishing of enamel( cavosurface bevel))
7- debridment

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7
Q

Important things to remember for outline form:?

A

1- maintain marginal/ oblique ridge integrity
2- fl width is 1mm ; extend into occlusal primary grooves ( slightly up major grooves)
a. Pay attention to the contact point because decay is right below the contact point!
3- may or may not see light into embrasures
4- tapering from gingivo-occlusal
a. From proximal view : diverges occluso-gingivally and axial wLl contour follows shape of the tooth. A the gingival cavosurface marin
5- gingival extension - must break contact with adjacent tooth
a. Break F and L contact (classic prep only)

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8
Q

Important things to remember for RESISTANCE form:?

A

1- pulpal depth =1.7-2mm and 0.5 into dentin
2 - axial depth =1 mm for premolars and 1-1.3 mm for molars
3- axio- pulpal line angle beveled
4- uninvolved proximal slightly obtuse ( 6 degree M and D walls)
5- flat pulpal and gingival floor
6- axial wall is convex or follows contour of gingival cabosurface marin

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9
Q

Things 2 remember for RETENTION form:?

A

1- buccal and lingual walls face each other ( proximal box)
2- converging slightly towards the occlusal ( proximal box)
3- facial and lingual walls parallel or tapering (occlusal) (perpendicular with pulpal floor)
4- Plain gingival margin ( if finish is on enamel ) ( approx 20 degrees)

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10
Q

Things to remember About MARGINATION:?

A

1 - planning of the enamel rods to remove any unsupported or damaged rods and to insure enamel is supported dentin
2- gingival enamel in the proximal box ( gingival 1/3 of anatomical crown) is planed to show a negative inclination ( remove unsupported enamel)

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11
Q

Class 2 amalgam preparations: ? (6)

A 
1- chisels 
2- amalgam carriers 
3- condensers or pluggers
4- burnishers 
5- plastic instruments
6- discoid- cleoid carver
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12
Q

What are chisels used for?

What are 3 types of chisels? Explain

A

To create clean lines angles, point angles, smooth walls and smooth bevels
1 - hatchets- hand instrument who’s blade is parallel with the handle
2- hoes - hand instruments who’s blade creates a right angle with the handle
3- margin trimmers

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13
Q

What are condensers or pluggers used for?

A

2 push amalgam in ( line of force)

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14
Q

What is the discoid-cleoid carver used for?

A

2 carve dental anatomy back into tooth

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15
Q

how many numbers are in an instrument formula?

A

3 or 4

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16
Q

what do they each stand for?

A

1st number: width of the blade ( tenths of milimeters)
2nd number: angle cutting edge creates with handle (degrees centigrade)
* in a three number formula 2nd number is omitted - assumed that it creates a 90 degree angle
3rd number: length of blade (millimeters)
4th number: angle entire blade makes with the handle (degrees centigrade)

17
Q

what teeth are instruments starting with 10 used for in general?

A

premolars (we’re going to use the 10 series for molars also)

18
Q

what teeth are instruments starting with 13 used for in general?

A

molars

19
Q

which side of the blade is the cutting edge?

A

the longer side

20
Q

how do u hold an instrument?

A

using the modified pen grasp

21
Q

what should the side of the blade be parallel with?

A

the long axis of the tooth

22
Q

should you scrape back and fourth?

A

no!!! only in one direction silly!!!!!!!!

23
Q

what are two important rules about the tofflemire retainer and martrix?

A
  1. placement (come out of side not infront)

2. band must extend at least 1mm above marginal ridge!!

24
Q

list 9 qualities of ideal restoratives

A
  1. restore damaged tooth
  2. wear resistance
  3. fracture resisitance
  4. bond to tooth
  5. bond to self
  6. smooth surface
  7. esthetic
  8. low conductivity
  9. radioopaque
25
Q

what are four advantages of posterior composites?

A
  1. tooth colored restoration
  2. conservative preparation
  3. adhesive
  4. holds the tooth together
26
Q

what are 6 disadvantages of posterior? composites

A
  1. difficult to contour ( and achieve closed contact)
  2. tooth colored- difficult to identify
  3. difficult to remove
  4. time consuming
  5. more rapid wear?
  6. expensive in chair time
27
Q

what are 6 contraindications?

A
  1. abusive occlusion
  2. preparation wider than 1/3 the FL width
  3. no holding contact
  4. subgingival preparation ( cannot control moisture
  5. inability 2 place rubber dam
  6. clasp from partial denture
28
Q

what are the ten steps to placing composites?

A
  1. pumice
  2. rinse
  3. air dry ( do not desiccate or else!!) yes that means you shmulie
  4. Acid Etch 15 seconds (35% phosphoric acid)
  5. rinse
  6. airy dry ( do not desiccate)
  7. apply bonding agent ( brush in)
  8. air dry slightly to remove solvent ( no puddling)
  9. light cure
  10. place composite ( cure only in 2mm increments)
29
Q

why would there be an inadequate cure due to curing light?

A
  1. inefficient lamp
  2. low (fluctuating voltage)
  3. dirty tip
30
Q

what are the properties of restorative material affecting intensity of light transmitted?

A

1, shade- pigment

  1. opacity
  2. thickness
31
Q

what are three steps of an ideal prep?

A
  1. removal of carries
  2. removal of unsupported enamel
  3. placement of margins in a finish-able location.
32
Q

8 thing to remember about the contact area?

A
  1. wedging
  2. tooth movement
  3. gingival adaptation
  4. matrix band
  5. thin
  6. contoured
  7. burnishable
  8. held against adjacent tooth during curing

Dental Anatomy (3 decks)

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