Class 2 Flashcards
What are the conditions of the breast
• Benign conditions
• Pregnancy and lactation
• Breast augmentation/reduction
• Mastectomy, reconstructive surgery, Top surgery
What are some indications for breast massage?
• General drainage issues
• Pre/post menstruation
• Swelling/congestion
• Pregnancy/lactation- blocked milk ducts.
• Pre/post surgery- augmentation, reduction, top surgery, mastectomy.
• Symptomatic pain relief
• Common benign breast conditions
• Assistance with overall breast health
• Pre mammogram
• Education re. self examination, massage
• Discomfort from cancer treatment-rehab, promotion of good quality scar.
*note if working with breast cancer patients, therapist should have knowledge about massage and cancer.
What are Indications for Chest wall?
• Post mastectomy/rehabilitation for cancer treatment
• Scars due to surgery
• Chronic respiratory conditions
• Relief of muscular discomfort and/or pain
• Supportive treatment of postural rebalancing
What are Contraindications for Chest wall?
• Mastitis, post surgical infection, current active infection for any reason
• On-site work of undiagnosed lump
• On-site work of abscess
• Forceful techniques to attempt to reduce implant related contractures
• Direct pressure on distorted contour of implants
• Sub-muscular placement implant manifesting lateral breast & subscapular pain could be a serratus anterior rupture.
You should not pursue breast massage treatment if?
• Client can’t for whatever reason, clarify their wishes and comfortable boundaries.
• Therapist can’t establish professional neutrality.
• Client and the therapist can’t establish open communication.
• Client doesn’t give consent or they withdraw their consent.
What are the anatomical boundaries of breast tissue?
*Breast contour
• Upper-2-3rd rib
• Lower- 6-7th cartilage
• Medial- sternal edge
• Lateral- anterior axillary line
*Thin layers of tissue that can go
beyond the breast contour
• Upper- lower edge of clavicle
• Lower- 1” below breast contour
• overlying the upper fibres of rectus abdominus.
• Medial-sternal midline
• Lateral- ant. edge of Latts-axilla
What does ANDI stand for?
Aberrations of Normal Development And involution.
(introduced to allow breast problems to be placed within an overall framework of pathogenesis)
*Most of these conditions are caused by hormone inbalance and/or an abnormal tissue response to hormones.
What is Fibroadenoma?
• Firm rubbery discreet, highly mobile lump, painless.
• Most common in women between age of 15-35
What is Fibroadenosis aka. fibrocystic breast changes?
• Refers to overgrowth of stromal elements.
• Condition of premenopausal breast, possibly due to hormone change in Estrogen levels.
• Does not have clear edges or feel like lump, is often more tender in 2nd half of menstrual cycle.
• These breast changes are similar in both breasts.
• Typically there’s a monthly increase in overall breast pain or lumpiness from mid-cycle (ovulation) to just before menstruation.
What are Breast Cysts?
• Fluid filled sacs usually benign, smooth round or oval lumps with distinct edges are easily movable.
• There may be one or many cysts, in one or both breasts.
• Cysts are common in women before menopause, typically between ages 35-50.
• Usually increase in size and tenderness of lump/cyst just before menstruation.
• Size decreases and other symptoms resolve after menstruation.
• Cyst do occur in men also, but much less common.
T/F Biologically born males and females are both born with
breast tissue and mammary glands?
- True
• In women’s breasts- ducts, stroma and glandular tissue
predominate.
• Development of those glands, which don’t function in males, and of breast tissue itself usually stops when boys hit puberty.
• Men typically have fatty tissue with few ducts and stroma.
• Males are still at risk for conditions affecting breast tissue
What is Gynecomastia (falls under ANDI)?
• Very common in men.
• Many authors estimate approx. 50-70% of male population has palpable breast tissue.
• Condition that occurs due to an imbalance of Estrogen and Testosterone, resulting in an overgrowth of breast tissue in young and adult males.
Key symptoms during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding?
• Typically breast tenderness during 1st trimester.
• Heavy achy breasts during 3rd trimester.
• Nursing commonly causes breast congestion.
• Possible stress around successful breast feeding.
• Breast feeding after a reduction (BFAR)
What does BFAR stand for?
Breast feeding after a reduction (BFAR)
What are Pregnancy and breast feeding considerations?
• Position is usually sidelying
• Hydrotherapy- figure 8 wrap
• Avoid nipple/areola
• Have a extra towels to absorb any leakage and separate bag to keep separate (label soiled with bodily fluids-Breast milk)
