Clasification And Ecosystems Flashcards
Features of animals
Multicellular , heterotrophs , no cell wall or chloroplasts
Carbohydrate is stored as gylcogen they have nervous coordination
Features of Plants
Multicellular autotrophs (feed themselves ), have chloroplasts vacuole and cell wall made of cellulose , store carbohydrate as Strath, sucrose is transported around the plant
Features of funghi
Both uni and multi cellular
Saprotrophic (extracellukar enzymes are secretes onto food ) no chloroplasts but have cell walls made of chitin
Store carbohydrate as glycogen
Example is yeast and mucor
Body organised into a mycelium made of hyphae which contain nuclei
Mushroom is the sex organ
Features of protoctists
Most are single called organism
E.g algae amobea
Features of bacteria
Single cell organisms which have a loop of DNA . All are surrounded by a cell wall made of peptidoglycan which protects the bacterium and keeps the shape of the cell . Some species have another layer outside this called a slime layer . Some bacteria can swim and are propelled by flagella . Bacteria have plasmids in the cytoplasm which are small circular rings of DNA carting some of the bacterium genes . Some bacteria contain chlorophyll and can photosynthesis .
E.g e.coli salmonella
What do many funghi and bacteria do
They are important decomposes which recycle dead organism and waste Products in the soil
Features of viruses
They are non living parasites that can only reproduce inside living cells . It is composed of a core of genetic material (DNA or rna ) surrounded by a protein coat . A virus enters a host cell and hijacks the hosts genetic machinery to produce more viruses
E.g HIV influenza
What is classification
Putting organism into groups based on shared charchteristics and evolutionary history .
What do ecologists use to identify species
Dichotomous keys
What is a species
Similar behaviour , biochemistry , morphology , can reproduce fertile offspring as in meiosis chromosomes line up and this cannot happen jn cross species so they therefore can’t produce fertile offspring .
What is the scientific name made out of
Genus and species
Genus must be capitalised and the name must be in italics
What is the classification hierarchy
Kingdom , phylum , class , order , family , genus , species
What is an ecosystem
A distinct self supporting system of organism interacting with each other and with a physical environment .
Consist of producers consumer decomposers and a physical environment . The interaction between biotic and abiotic factors in an area
What are producers
Plants which photosynthesise to produce food
What are consumers
Animals that eat plants or other animals
What are decomposes
Decay dead material and help to recycle nutrients
What is the physical environment
Total sum of non biological (non living ) components of the ecosystem
What is a habitat
A place where specific organism live
What is the population
The number of individuals of a particular species found in an ecosystem at anyone time
What is the community
The population of all species found in a particular ecosystem living together
