CKI Flashcards
1
Q
What is CKI?
A
CKI is a long term disease of the kidneys which results in irreversible damage to the kidneys
The damage done to the kidneys results in a decreased GFR
2
Q
What are the causes of CKI?
A
- Any renal disease
- Glomerulonephritis
- Hypertension
- Diabetes Mellitus
- Malignancy
- Abnormalities of the renal tract
- Genetic abnormalities, e.g. polycystic kidney disease
3
Q
What are the signs and symptoms of CKI?
A
- Oliguria/anuria
- Nausea & vomitting
- Confusion
- Hypertension
- Oedema
- Mussmaul breathing (resp acidosis)
- Itchy skin
4
Q
What are the investigations of CKI?
A
Blood tests:
- ESR
- U&E’s (raised urea and creatinine, lowered calcium and raised phosphate)
- FBC
- Raised PTH
Urine:
- Urinalysis
- 24hr urine test
Imaging:
- Renal Ultrasound
Renal Biopsy
5
Q
What is th treatment of CKI?
A
Conservative:
Smoking cessation
Low salt diet
Medical:
- Treat underlying cause
- Control BP
- Treat anaemia
- Treat acidosis
Surgical:
- Haemodialysis or pertioneal dialysis
- Renal transplant
6
Q
How is CKI graded based on GFR?
A
