Civilizations of East Asia: Lesson 3: Early Japan and Korea

Question 1

Early Japanese societies was made up of ___

Answer 1

clans

Question 2

Small aristocratic class of rulers, most people farmers or other workers

Answer 2

Clan

Question 3

who was Prince of the Yamato Clan who united clans under centralized government based on Chinese model?

Answer 3

Shotuku Taishi

Question 4

Shotuko Taishi led by _____, which is a divine figure and symbol of Japanese nation

Answer 4

supreme ruler

Question 5

what was the new tax system of the Yamato Clan?

Answer 5

all taxes paid to central government rather than local aristocrats

Question 6

which clan gained political power after Shotuko’s death?

Answer 6

Fijiwara clan

Question 7

During Fujiwara clan dominance, what happened to the central government?

Answer 7

The central government was unable to overcome growing dominance of the aristocrats. Aristocrastic families kept taxes on lands. The central government lost power and collapsed.

Question 8

After the collapse of centralized government (Fujiwara), local aristocrats turned to _______, which means military force

Answer 8

samurai

Question 9

compare and contrast economy in Japan v. Europe

Answer 9

Japan: economy based on agriculture
Europe: economy based on agriculture

Question 10

compare and contrast government in Japan v. Europe

Answer 10

in Japan: central gov’t sometimes, strong/sometimes weak, powerful families controlled regions and claimed land
In Europe: central gov’t typically weak, most land owned by lords

Question 11

compare and contrast in Japan v. Europe - where did peasants and artisans live

Answer 11

Japan: lived on lands belonging to clans
Europe: lived on lords lands

Question 12

compare and contrast in Japan v. Europe where did peasants work?

Answer 12

Japan: worked for clans, paid in rice and protection, if needed to fight they were asked
Europe: worked for lords, received some of the crop they grew, got protection, found in lords army when necessary

Question 13

compare and contrast warriors in Japan v. Europe

Answer 13

Japan: samurai
Europe: knight warrior class (code of honor: chivalry)

Question 14

Rivalries between aristocratic families resulted in ___

Answer 14

civil war

Question 15

____, a powerful noble, defeated rivals and set up military gov’t under a SHOGUN

Answer 15

Minamoto Yoritomo

Question 16

What happened to the govt after the civil war?

Answer 16

centralized govt makes a comeback, emperor remained ruler in name only

Question 17

Describe society, role of women, and religion in Early Japan

Answer 17

farming society, trade slow to develop
women were active despite subordination
religion: SHINTO

Question 18

Described religion in early Japan

Answer 18

people of early Japan worshipped nature spirits, KAMI
believed spirits or ancestors present around them
beliefs became Shinto or “sacred way”

Question 19

Look up Shinto v. Buddism

Answer 19

–

Question 20

where is the Korean peninsula?

Answer 20

coast of East Asia

Question 21

Name 3 bodies of water around the Korean peninsula

Answer 21

Sea of Japan
Yellow Sea
East China Sea

Question 22

where are China and Japan in relation to Korea

Answer 22

China is across the northern border and Japan is across the Korean Strait

Question 23

in 109 BCE, the northern Korean Peninsula came under ___ control

Answer 23

Chinese

Question 24

What were the 3 rival kingdoms in Korea, each ruled by monarchy and aristocratic families

Answer 24

Koguryo (north)
Paekche (southwest)
Silla (southeast)

Question 25

when the Korean Peninsula came under Chinese control, ____ became the state religion

Answer 25

Buddhism

Question 26

____ allied with the Chinese and used Confucian ideals to rule

Answer 26

Silla