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ANTH106 > Civilisations - Egypt and China > Flashcards

Civilisations - Egypt and China Flashcards

1
Q

This is known as the first temple town with a population of about 5,000 and has a well organised and complex internal structure.

A

Eridu

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2
Q

Which of the following was not a role that temples played in society?

a) Had an economic role: increased markets and trade
b) Served as a place of religion/worship
c) Priests managed land, labour and administration in the temple.
d) People/tourists would often be able to visit all parts of the temple.

A

d) Only a select few people were able to visit all parts of the temple.

  • the temple created social complexity and hierarchy within society.
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3
Q

This culture is set in the time period betweeon 6500-5500 BP. It includes sites descending from Samarran culture moving into the alluvium of the Tigris/Euphrates.

a) Uruk
b) Ubaid
c) Jemdet Nasr
d) Halaf

A

b) Ubaid

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4
Q

This is the world’s first true city state - set between 5000 BP.

A

Uruk

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5
Q

Which of the following is not a reason for nucleation/urbanisation?

a) More tourist attraction
b) Military protection
c) Intensive irrigated agriculture
d) Provide avenues for social integration and growth of new specialists (eg., shrines and markets)

A

a) More tourist attraction

  • Intensive irrigated agriculture allowed river cities to control the flow, and form labor relationships with many more non-producers.
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6
Q

True or false. In Uruk, the daily life of people were largely controlled by a democratic administration.

A

False. The elites largely controlled the flow of society.

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7
Q

What are the 2 precincts of Uruk and what is the “god” they worship in each of these precincts?

A

Eanna Precinct - goddess of love - Inanna

Anu Precinct - sky god - An

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8
Q

What was the major form of writing in Uruk?

a) Hieroglyphs
b) Cave writings
c) Cuneiforms
d) Parchment and ink

A

c) Cuneiforms

  • Epic of Gilgamesh is one of the earliest known examples of literature.
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9
Q

This was the life line of Egypt - and life revolved around it.

A

The Nile River

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10
Q

This was a time when gods ruled on earth and the earliest kings followed Horus in Egypt.

A

Pre-dynastic period

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11
Q

Who was the first unifer of Egypt?

a) Ramses
b) Menes
c) Narmer
d) Ptolemy 1

A

c) Narmer

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12
Q

This depicts the unification of the upper and lower Egypt under king Narmer 5000 years ago.

A

Narmer Palette

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13
Q

Who dominates Egypt during the old Kingdom?

A

Pharaohs

  • Egyptians believe that Pharaohs were the earthly incarnation of the falcon god Horus.
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14
Q

This person was the personification of truth, justice and social stability. Their symbol is the feather at which the heart of the deceased is weighed at the judgement of the dead.

A

Maat

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15
Q

What year was the step pyramid of Djoser at Saqqara built?

a) 2155 BC
b) 2165 BC
c) 2650 BC
d) 2670 BC

A

c) 2650 BC during the 3rd Dynasty

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16
Q

These were periods of disruption in Egypt, normally external factors which symbolised a breakdown in society and so on.

A

Intermediate Periods - which separates Old Kingdom from Middle Kingdom, and New from the Middle.

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17
Q

Which time period was the Old Kingdom of Egypt set in?

a) 2685-2155 BC
b) 2685-2100 BC
c) 2685-2300 BC
d) 2700-2155 BC

A

a) 2685-2155 BC

  • Old Kingdom is when pyramids were built.
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18
Q

Which time period was the New Kingdom of Egypt set in?

a) 1540-1000 BC
b) 1560-1080 BC
c) 1540-1070 BC
d) 1600-1070 BC

A

c) 1540-1070 BC

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19
Q

Which time period was the Middle Kingdom of Egypt set in?

a) 2040-1540 BC
b) 2040-1650 BC
c) 1650-1080 BC
d) 2070-1650 BC

A

b) 2040-1650 BC

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20
Q

Who was the pharaoh of the 18th Dynasty of Egypt?

A

Akhenaten

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21
Q

Who was the pharaoh of the 19th Dynasty of Egypt?

A

Sethos I

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22
Q

Who discovered the Rosetta Stone?

a) Giovanni Belzoni
b) Flinders Petrie
c) Jean-Francois Champollion

A

c) Jean Francois Champollion

  • Giovanni wrote the 1st sizable account of antiquities in Egypt.
  • Flinders Petrie was an archaeologis that did alot of excavations in Egypt.
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23
Q

This is an artefact that contains hieroglyphics and writing in ancient Greek.

A

Rosetta stone

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24
Q

What are the 2 major river systems in China?

A

Yellow (North China) and Yangtze (Southern China) River

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25
Q

Foxtail millet is a domesticate from which river in China?

A

Yellow River

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26
Q

Rice is a domesticate from which river in China?

A

Yangtze River

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27
Q

Which animals were the common domesticates in China?

A

Dog and pig

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28
Q

The Yangshao Period takes place when the central plains are seen as the cradle of civilisation. What time period does this take place in?

a) 5000-3000 BC
b) 4000-2000 BC
c) 5000-2000 BC
d) 4000-3000 BC

A

a) 5000-3000 BC

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29
Q

This period in China is when diverse regional cultures develop regional interconnections that eventually led to transformations leading to state emergence.

A

Yangshao Period

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30
Q

Which of the following is not true for the Yangshao Period?

a) The Yellow, Wei and Fen rivers come together
b) Diverse regional cultures develop and come together to form states
c) It occurred between 5000-3000 BC
d) It includes the middle and lower Yangtze River.

A

d) Yellow + the middle and lower Yangtze are a part of the Longshan Period.

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31
Q

Which of the following is not true for the Longshan Period?

a) Role of ritual and use of force was more evident
b) It occurred between 5000-3000 BC
c) The end of the Longshan period is the beginning of urban/state development
d) It includes Yellow River Basin and middle/lower parts of Yangtze.

A

b) It occurred between 3000-2000 BC

32
Q

Which Chinese period do the red pottery Kuei pitcher, tall stemmed Egg Shell Cup and Jade Yueh Axe belong to?

A

Longshan

33
Q

Which of the following is not true for the Longshan Period?

a) It can be divided into 2 periods.
b) Longshan to state society transition developed independently in various regions.
c) Interaction between regions led to migration of clans, expansion of clan territory and military conquest.
d) Later Longshan period involved central settlements and simple hierarchy.

A

d) False. Later Longshan Period was a lot more centralised, and hierarchies were more elaborate (kingship and fancy burials).

Early Longshan involved central settlements and simple hierarchy.

34
Q

This person was the great historian who wrote on early Chinese civilisation during the Han Dynasty.

A

Sima Qian

35
Q

The five dynasties of China relate to what period?

A

Longshan Period

36
Q

This was long regarded as the first Dynasty of China and has Erlitou Culture.

A

Xia Dynasty

37
Q

Elite burials during the Xia Dynasty often included what?

A

Jade yazhang blades

38
Q

The first state level society in China as considered by archaeology is which culture?

A

Erlitou Culture (1900-1500 BC)

39
Q

Erlitou Culture was situated where?

A

Yiluo Region of the middle Yellow River

40
Q

From 14th century BC to mid 11th century BC - where was the Shang Capital in China? This was the great capital of the late Shang Dynasty.

A

Anyang/Yin

41
Q

This person’s tomb was found in Xiaotun palace - and shed much light on politics, economy, craft industry, culture and art during the late Longshan period. It was found with 210 ritual bronze objects and 590 jade objects.

A

Lady Fu Ho

42
Q

What are the two units basic to Shang socio-political organisation?

A

Town and kinship group

43
Q

Which of the following is not true about the Shang socio-political organisation?

a) The state is made up of an inner capital and external outer domain (strictly hierarchical court officials and princes)
b) Kings lay at the core of kinship organisation.
c) The Kings ruled the outer domains
d) There are 2 basic units to the organisation: kinship and town

A

c) The princes ruled the outer domains

44
Q

This is used in a ritualistic process where the item is imbued with a spiritual character to allow Shang Kings to determine whether the divination was positive or negative.

A

Oracle bones

45
Q

These were an originally semi-nomadic group of peoples who moved to the Jing-Wei River and became stronger through alliances with other states, while the Shangs were weak through a series of wars.

A

Zhou

46
Q

Which time period was Western Zhou set in?

a) 11th century-771 BC
b) 11th century-775 BC
c) 11th century-800 BC
d) 11th century-750 BC

A

a) 11th century-771 BC

47
Q

How did Zhou manage to stay in power for so long?

A

Through matrimonial ties/marriage

  • “Their willingness to share power with non-Zhou leaders led to their strength.’
48
Q

Which of the following is not true of the Zhou period in China?

a) They were in power for so long due to matrimonial ties with other leaders
b) Ancestor worship was strong
c) Zhou princes set up their own towns
d) The Zhou did not inherit the old Shang states.

A

d) They inherited the old Shang states and with that, created a new order.

49
Q

What kind of government did the Zhou have?

A
  • patriarchal descent (father to son)
  • Zhou was a feudal state with landowners as vessels
50
Q

What is the capital of Eastern Zhou period?

A

Luoyang

51
Q

What is the capital of Western Zhou period?

A

Shanxi

52
Q

Eastern Zhou is divided into what 2 periods?

A

Spring and Autumn Period + Warring State Period

53
Q

This was the period of Eastern Zhou which involved the growth of regionalism.

A

Spring and Autumn Period

54
Q

This was the period of Eastern Zhou which was known as the period of the great philosophers (Confucianism, Taoism, Legalism) and great turmoil.

A

Warring States Period

55
Q

This was the state (of China) which had defeated all other six states during the warring states period in Eastern Zhou time.

A

Qin State which turned into Qin Dynasty

56
Q

What kind of government did the Qin states develop into from the feudal states of the Zhou period?

A

Monarchy with civilian government and army

57
Q

Who was the first emperor of China?

A

Qin Shi Huangdi

58
Q

Which of the following is not an innovation that emerged during the Qin Dynasty?

a) jade yazhang blades
b) larger chariots
c) long spears
d) iron

A

a) jade yazhang blades were a part of Xia Dynasty (Later Longshan Period = Erligang)

59
Q

What time period does Qin Shi Huangdi’s tomb date to? (approximately)

a) 210 BC
b) 250 BC
c) 280 BC
d) 200 BC

A

a) 210 BC

60
Q

Who begun building the Great Wall of China?

A

Qin Shi Huangdi

61
Q

This taught individualism in China.

A

Taoism

62
Q

This taught humanism and moral behavior through noble behaviour.

A

Confuciunism (by Confucius)

63
Q

How many commanderies was China divided into? What 3 government officials did each commandery have?

A

36 commanderies

  • a governor, military commander and imperial inspector
64
Q

Who begun the Han Dynasty?

A

Liu Bang

65
Q

This dynasty was marked by great economic prosperity as seen in the grave goods of minor aristocrats.

A

Han Dynasty

66
Q

These were either written or bound into scrolls and contained information on 2000 year old daily life, military, law, education and economic transactions.

A

Wooden Slips

67
Q

Wooden slips and coins and increased patronage of arts were a part of which dynasty?

A

Han Dynasty

68
Q

Jade manufacture peaked during which dynasties?

A

Han and Qin Dynasty

69
Q

Jade suit was a sign of what?

A

Wealth and immortality

70
Q

Major irrigation schemes and a centralised system of government were developed during which dynasty?

A

Han Dynasty

71
Q

What was the major event that took place in China during 119 BC?

A

Flooding of Yellow River
- this maximised agricultural produciton
- moved 700,000 people to the North

72
Q

This marks the long distance trading route between China and countries in the west such as Rome from 206-220 BC.

A

The Silk Road

73
Q

What are the 2 important routes of the Silk Road?

A
  • Sea Route (India and Arabia)
  • Land Route (India, Iran, Rome)
74
Q

The most important expansion into Asia in 334 BC was headed by who?

A

Alexander the Great

75
Q

What is the capital of the Han Dyansty?

A

Xian

ANTH106 (4 decks)

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