civil war 2 Flashcards
54th Massachusetts
all-black regiment led by white officers. First black regiment in combat.
Robert Gould Shaw
Commander of the 54th Massachusetts
Emancipation Proclamation
Freed slaves in the South
Fredericksburg
Robert E. Lee vs Ambrose Burnside. Confederate Victory (very one-sided). Burnside fired after. First Urban battle
Marye’s Heights
Turning point of Fredericksburg
Ambrose Burnside
Union General. Fired after Fredericksburg
Chancellorsville
Robert E. Lee and Stonewall Jackson vs Joseph Hooker. Confederate victory. Jackson dies and Hooker is fired after.
Joseph Hooker
Union General. Nicknamed “Fighter Joe”
Jubal Early
Confederate General
John Sedgwick
Union General. Wounded 3 times at Antietam
Gettysburg
George Meade vs Robert E. Lee. Turning point of the war. Union Victory
George Meade
Union General
Little Round Top
Union Victory. Lawrence Chamberlain and Stong Vincent vs. Evander Law
Pickett’s Charge
Union Victory. Forced Confederates to retreat. A lot of Confederate casualties.
Gettysburg Address
President Lincoln’s speech at Gettysburg
Vicksburg
Ulysses Grant vs Joshua Pemberton. Union victory. Confederates surrendered. Union got control of Mississippi.
Ulysses Grant
Union General. Promoted after Vicksburg
Andersonville
Confederate prison camp in Georgia. Lead by Henry Wirz.
Elmira
Union prison camp in New York. Worst Union camp.
Raiders
group of bullies at Andersonville who would murder and steal
“Bloody” Bill Anderson
leader of Confederate group of raiders that killed Northeners.
Bushwackers
Pro Confederate
Jayhawkers
Pro Union
William Quantrill
Confederate. Quantrill’s Raiders/
Lawrence Massacre
Quantrill’s Raiders. Confederate victory. Retaliation for Jayhawk attacks.
Causes of the New York City Draft Riots
anti-war sentiment, fear of being replaced by freed slave, new draft law, blacks exempt from draft, $300 fee for exemption, Immigrants not happy, people tired of war
Effects of the New York City Draft Riots.
property damage, deadliest riot in US history, black people killed, black businesses destroyed or forced to relocate
How did Stonewall Jackson die
he was accidently shot by his own troops.
Border War
series of violence in Kansas. Quantrill’s Raiders (Quantrill and Bill Anderson), Jayhawks, and Bushwackers. Involved Kansas and Nebraska. Different than the rest of the war because it was only in Kansas. Included the Lawrence Massacre.
Conditions of Civil War prisons
disease, poor treatment by guards, cramped, poor sanitation, lack of food.
African American troops
increased number of Union troops, payed less than whites, segregated in hospitals, given worse equipment.
Little Round Top commanders
Chamberlain, Strong Vincent, Evander Law.
Little Round Top importance
Chamberlain’s famous charge, Union victory, Union didn’t get flanked
Pickett’s Charge commanders
George Meade and Robert E. Lee
Pickett’s Charge importance
high Confederate casualties including commanders, forced Confederates to retreat back to Virginia.
Vicksburg commanders
Ulysses Grant, John Pemberton.
Vicksburg reason
Union wanted to control the Mississippi river
Vicksburg Importance
Union got control over the Mississippi river and cut off Confederate supplies. They also started surrounding the Confederates going along with the Anaconda plan. Big Union victory
Vicksburg date
May 18 - July 4th 1863
Vicksburg casualties
5,000 Union, 32,000 Confederate
Gettysburg commanders
George Meade and Robert E. Lee
Gettysburg reason
Lee had just won another battle and wanted to give Virginia a rest from the fighting. He also wanted to use the Northern farms for his own army.
Gettysburg importance
Confederates suffered high commander casualties, Chamberlain led a famous charge, This Union victory combined with the fall of Vicksburg right after devastated the Confederacy, Deadliest battle of the whole war. Confederates retreated back to Virginia.
Gettysburg Date
July 1-3, 1863
Gettysburg Casualties
23,000 Union, 23,000-28,000 Confederate
