Civil Rights movement Flashcards
What laws were the CRM a reaction to?
Jim Crow Laws
What forms of protest did the CRM use?
Boycotts Marches Sit-ins Mass rallies Potions (Passive protest)
Who formed the NAACP and when?
Burghardt, du Bois, Wells, Moscowitz
In 1909
What was the double V campaign
Black soldiers calling for victory at home and victory in the war.
What type/class of people were the members of the NAACP
Middle-class, multi racial with educated backgrounds.
Who organized it and where and when did Brown vs Broad take place
Tupeka Kansas, 1954
NAACP
How many black communities went to the Supreme Court and who was the person who argued against segregated schooling?
5 communities
Thurgood Marshall
What Amendment did Thurgood claim was being abused
14th amendment
What was the outcome of B vs B?
Supreme Court decided to make desegregated schools illegal.
What other event occurred in terms of schools and education following B vs B and when did it happen?
Little Rock, Arkansas
1957
Who tried to register at Central High?
9 black students
What happened to the children when they tried to register and what was implemented to help them?
Racist crowds abused the children
President Eishenhower sent federal troops to escort them to school.
Who initiated the Montgomery bus boycott and how and when?
Rosa Parks
Refused to give up her seat to a white person.
1955
Who was rosa parks and what happened to her after her refusal?
A member of the NAACP
Seamstresses
She was arrested
What boycott was initiated by Rosa Parks
Montgomery bus boycott 1955
Who were the people involved, aims, local response and the outcomes of the boycott
NAACP, Martin Luthar King
Desegregate buses (lasted a year)
MLK and Rosa Parks arrested
Alabama federal district desegregated buses.
Who were the people involved, aims, local response and the outcomes of the sit ins and when did they occur
Greensboro, Woolworths lunch counter 1960
SNCC, students from Norht Carolina College
Desegregate white only facilities in stores.
People were arrested
Lunch counters in many states were desegregated
Who were the people involved, aims, local response and the outcomes of the Freedom Rides and when did they occur?
1961, sat in pairs and rode interstate buses
CORE, black and white travelers
Desegregate buses and bus stations in the south
Response was violent, protestors attacked by dogs and water cannons.
International media coverage and all interstate buses were desegregated.
What were the three main matches, mass rallies in the CRM
1) “March for freedom and jobs” to Lincoln memorial 1963.
2) Birmingham campaign 1963.
3) Selma-Montgomery 1965
Who were the people involved, aims, local response and the outcomes of the Lincoln March.
Demonstration: 250 000 black and white protestors.500 television cameras
People involved: MLK, other leaders of CRM
Aims: appeal for jobs and civil rights and equality.
Response: peaceful
Outcomes: MLK- noble peace prize, time magazines man of the year, widespread sympathy for CRM
Who were the people involved, aims, local response and the outcomes of the Birmingham campaign.
Demonstration: 1963, Alabama, target racist shop owners in the epicenter of racism.
People involved: SCLC
Aims: desegregate facilities and increase job opportunities.
Response: violent, MLK arrested.
Outcomes: media coverage- world shocked. Shops desegregated, blacks were hired and people who were arrested were released.
After King got arrested white did he do to regain the momentum of the protest.
Letter to Birmingham jail
Appealed to youth- Childrens crusade.
Who were the people involved, aims, local response and the outcomes of the Selma-Montgomery March.
Demostration: marched from Selma to Montgomery.
People involved: MLK
Aims: focused on removing obstacles for voting and to draw attention to the prosecution of black people in Alabama
Response: violent. Sheriff stalled reforms
Outcome: Johnson passed voting rights act in 1965.
What were the short term goals for CRM?
Schools/universities desegregated.
Civil acts right acts passed in 57,60,64
Voting rights act passed in 1965
Desegregation of facilities and transport.
